Welcome to ASP.NET Web Programming

Course Description

Using Visual Studio and the ASP.NET platform to develop secure, data-aware web applications.
Topics covered include HTML and CSS, testing and debugging, master pages, state management, security and authentication, SQL and object data sources.
Prerequisite: IT 11002 or CS 13001 or EMAT 15310 or CIS 24065.

Student Learning Outcomes

By the end of this course, you should be able to do the following:

(1.) Integrate data sources into web sites using structured query language.

(2.) Add dynamic content to web pages.

(3.) Control user access to web pages.

Vocabulary Words

IDE, Integrated Development Environment, HTML, HyperText Markup Language, C#, ASP.NET, web programming, Razor syntax, web application, website, http, Hypertext Transfer Protocol, https, Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure, SSL, Secure Sockets Layer, CSS, Cascading Style Sheets, JavaScript, .NET Framework, frameworks, Web Forms, Web Pages, MVC, Model View Controller, RAD, Rapid Application Development, sites, services, Web API, Web Application Programming Interface, ASP.NET Core

Objectives

Students will:

(1.) Discuss the ASP.NET web application framework.

(2.) Develop a simple web application (website) with ASP.NET Web Forms.

(3.) Develop a simple web application (website) with ASP.NET Web Pages.

(4.) Develop a simple web application (website) with ASP.NET Core Razor Pages.

(5.) Deploy ASP.NET web applications using Microsoft Azure.

Recommended Readings and Videos

(1.) Textbook Chapter(s)

(2.) ASP.NET Tutorials by Microsoft: Learn ASP.NET | Free tutorials, courses, videos and more
(https://dotnet.microsoft.com/learn/aspnet)

(3.) Tutorials by Microsoft: ASP.NET overview
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/overview)

(4.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Quickstart: Deploy an ASP.NET web app
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/app-service/quickstart-dotnetcore?tabs=netcore31&pivots=development-environment-vs)

(5.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Get started with C# and ASP.NET Core in Visual Studio
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/visualstudio/get-started/csharp/tutorial-aspnet-core?view=vs-2019)

(6.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Introduction to ASP.NET Core
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/introduction-to-aspnet-core?view=aspnetcore-5.0)

(7.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Introduction to Razor Pages in ASP.NET Core
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/razor-pages/?view=aspnetcore-5.0&tabs=visual-studio)

Videos:
Please click the RESOURCES tab of this website
Click the LinkedIn Learning (Kent State University) link
Follow the directions to access the website.
(8.) Type ASP or ASP.NET in the search bar and view the introduction chapter.

Videos and Textbooks:
Please click the RESOURCES tab of this website
Click the O'Reilly Online Learning link
Follow the directions to access the website.
(9.) Type ASP or ASP.NET in the search bar and view/read the introduction chapter.

Required Readings

ASP.NET

.NET is a platform consisting of tools, programming languages, and libraries for developing several types of applications.

ASP.NET is an open source web framework for developing fast and secure web applications and services within the .NET platform.
It extends the .NET developer platform with tools and libraries specifically for developing web apps.

It offers three frameworks for developing web applications (websites).
The three ASP.NET frameworks are:
(1.) Web Forms.
(2.) Web Pages.
(3.) Model View Controller (MVC).

We shall discuss all three frameworks in this course.
We shall also discuss the ASP.NET Core, a redesign of ASP.NET 4.x.
ASP.NET Core is the cross-platform ASP.NET framework for developing web apps, mobile apps, and Internet of Things (IoT) apps among others.
ASP.NET Web Pages is merged into the ASP.NET Core.

You may choose to use whatever framework you prefer.
All the frameworks are based on the .NET Framework and share the core functionalities of .NET and ASP.NET.
Which framework should you choose/use?
Let's review a summary of the first three ASP.NET frameworks.

Pre-requisites for an ASP.NET Web Application

Let us develop our first asp.net web application.
There are several IDEs (Integrated Development Environments) we can choose to deploy our application.
Sometimes, knowing which environment to choose poses a task as we need to review the features and limitations of that environment.
Well, it is nice to know that Microsoft helps in this regard.
So, let's start by using the Microsoft Edge to perform this search on the Bing search engine: deploy asp.net website azure







Creating an Azure Account
We shall be using Microsoft Azure for Students
(https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/free/students/)
Click the Start Free button and register with your school email address.

Because I am the instructor (not a student), I am not permitted to use it.
However, I shall use the Microsoft Azure (the free-tier though it requires a credit card/debit card) rather the the Microsoft Azure for Students (that does not require a credit card/debit card).

Student: Mr. C, I checked some of your websites and it has appspot.com
Is that the same as Microsoft Azure?
Teacher: No, it is not.
The appspot.com is from Google Cloud
The azurewebsites.com is from Microsoft
Student: So, why are we not using appspot.com from Google?
Why are you not teaching us what you are using already?
Teacher: Good question.
Did you notice ads on my websites?
Student: Yes Sir
Teacher: Those websites with appspot.com are free tier
However, when the free tier limit is exceeded, Google charges me for the usage.
Student: So, are you saying that your websites with appspot.com are not free?
' Teacher: They are not "really" free.
Hence, the ads on them.
They are free to a certain limit.
Then, I pay when the limit is exceeded.
So, if I teach you to host your website with Google Cloud, you will need to enter a credit card or debit card information.
The services will be free for sometime.
After the free period ends, your card will be charged if the daily limit for certain services are exceeded.
In other words, if you exceed the daily quota for some services, you will pay for it.
Student: So, the ads helps you pay for the website?
Teacher: Yes, if ...
There are some conditions.
We can discuss Website Monetization during the Live Sessions/Office Hours.
Ask me when you attend any of the Live Sessions/Office Hours.
Let it be one of the advantages of taking this course with me.
I do not want to discuss it here.
Student: Okay.
What is the difference with the Microsoft Azure?
Teacher: Microsoft is generous to allow students to use the Azure services for free without entering a credit/debit card information.
I appreciate their generosity.
But I have to enter my card information because I am not a student.
Student: So, in terms of payment; it's essentially like Google I guess
Teacher: Well, except for a minor difference...
For Microsoft Azure, I have to enable my card when the free period ends and if I exceed the quota for free services. This is for them to charge my card.
If I do not enable it, they will stop serving my application (website). For Google Cloud, they will not stop serving my application but they will charge my card.
Student: What are these services?
Teacher: Visit this website and scroll down to see some of them: (https://azure.microsoft.com/en-us/free/students/)

If you have any issues with any of the pre-requisites: creating accounts, downloading and installing any of the software; please attend the Office Hours/Live Sessions.

Choosing an IDE






Having chosen the Visual Studio IDE, let us download and install it








Restart your computer.
Check whether there is a Visual Studio icon on your desktop.
I like to have the icon on my desktop.
Let me show you how to get it on your desktop.




The Visual Studio icon is now on your desktop (if it was not there initially)

Let us develop a web application using Web Forms.
Remember our first desktop application in the Beginning C# course: the Welcome message? You may want to check it out.
Let us write that desktop application as a web application.

Writing our First Web Application with Web Forms

Source View is the window that has the source code.


Design View is the window that can be used as a primary work surface.
It is used to visually design a page by adding, drawing, or modifying elements.


Split View is the combination of the Source View and the Design View.


Browser Link
The browser link enables us to test our website in several browsers.
To test our web application (website) in all the major browsers, Enable Browser Link




Please note that when you make any change in any of the applications/files, you have to Save All in the Microsoft Visual Studio and then refresh your browser(s) in order to see the changes.

Run that default page.




Click the Stop Debugging icon.
The website (web application) is closed.


Let us make some changes to this default application and discuss some concepts.
First: Click inside the Default.aspx
Do CTRL + A to select all the content.


Second: Right-click ony any of the selected content and click Format Selection
This is how you should organize your code.


Third: Delete the three columns: Lines #12 - #39


Fourth: Organize Line #1 (break into several lines) and let us study it.


Line #1: <% and Line #8: @%> is the inline code style of the Code Render Block
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/previous-versions/dotnet/netframework-4.0/k6xeyd4z(v=vs.100)?redirectedfrom=MSDN)

Line #1: @ is the Razor syntax that allows us to embed C#.
It evaluates C# expressions and renders them in the HTML output.
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/mvc/views/razor?view=aspnetcore-5.0)

Lines #1 through #8: <%@% ... gt; is the inline expression of the Code Render Block

Line #2: is the Page Title
Let us change it to ASP.NET: Module 1

Line #3: is the Language
The programming language that we shall use for this course is C#.

Line #4: is the MasterPageFile
This is the Site.Master page.
It is the default web page for this web form.

Let us explore something.
Please run this application on your broswer and right-click the page.





Click View page source


Did you notice?
In the Source View in Visual Studio Code:
No navigation tab links


In the website (web page):
We see the navigation tab links


In the website (web page) source code:
We see the navigation tab links


Go ahead and Stop Debugging. (Both the website and the View paage source page are closed).
Why is that? Speaking like an American lol
In the Source View in Visual Studio Code, please review Line #4: MasterPageFile="~/Site.Master"
Did you notice that we have that reference to Site.Master?
So, let us see what is in that Site.Master page
Please double-click Site.Master in the Solution Explorer window


Look at it: Lines #41-#59


So, we see that the Site.Master is the master page that the default page inherits.
It is the master page file. It is the main default template.
Another observation:
Please review these lines in Site.Master and Default.aspx
Lines #61 and #62 in Site.Master


and
Lines #10 and #22 in Default.aspx


As we notice, the Default.aspx gets all the content from the Site.Master.
The Site.Master does not have any body content, but it does have an ID to a body content.
The Default.aspx has body content ID that is linked to the same ID of the Site.Master
We can add whatever we want to the body content in Default.aspx

Let us make some changes to the appearance of the Site.Master page
This brings us to HTML (HyperText Markup Language) and CSS (Cascading Style Sheets).
It is my asusmption that you have some working knowledge of HTML and CSS (the first and second language of the web) and probably some JavaScript (the third language of the web).
If you do not, please set aside some time to learn it.
We shall do some HTML and CSS in this course (as required in the Course Description).
However, we shall work with them as is applicable to the learning of ASP.NET




There are several CSS files. Which ones should we use?
Run the application (Default.aspx) again and View page source
Let us see the actual CSS files that we need to change.


As we can see, we just need those two CSS files: bootstrap.css and Site.css
Stop Debugging.
Double-click those two CSS files.


Let us change some elements in the CSS
In the bootstrap.css




In the Site.css




Include styles for the header


Include styles for the footer


Go to the Site.Master file
Remove the first line in the navigation bar/tab


Make some changes in the footer.


Go to the Default.aspx file
Replace the div element containing heading 1 (h1) with the header element.
Also, remover the p (paragraph) elements.




Run the application to see the changes we have made.


Stop Debugging.
Close the Site.css, bootstrap.css, and Site.Master files.
So, we have made changes to the HTML and the CSS.
Let us work on the C#...the first desktop application we wrote in the Beginning C# course
Please review that application.
We shall use the same design and code.
We shall develop the web application for that desktop application.

Click the Design view of the Default.aspx file.
Then, click the Toolbox tab


Click the Auto Hide icon in the Toolbox to adjust it.
Place the cursor in the body of the form, between the header and the footer.
Use the space bar on your keyboard to adjust properly.


Drag and drop all the toolbox controls we used in the first desktop application we developed in the Beginning C# course.
Name all the controls accordingly just we named them in the desktop application.
Please make these changes accordingly.
Rather than the PictureBox we used for the C# desktop application, we shall follow these steps to add my picture.
Let us create a folder called Images












Use the space bar on your keyboard to adjust my picture and write an id for it.


Add the label
In the Properties window, set:
(ID) property to MessageLabel
BorderStyle property to Ridge
Go ahead and adjust the size of the label.
Text property: delete the text: Label

Add two buttons: the Welcome Message button and the Clear button.
There is no need for the Exit button because the client-side javascript is used for closing a web page rather than the server-side asp.
The easiest way to add buttons is to add one button, set the common properties, then copy and paste to make the extra button...the way we discussed it in the Beginning C# course.
Use the space bar on your keyboard to adjust them
You may also select the two buttons. Then, use the Format menu → Make Same Size → Both
However, this is much better done using codes in the Source view rather than doing it from the Design view.
Change the:
(ID) properties to MessageButton and the ClearButton respectively.
Text properties to Welcome Message and Clear respectively.
BackColor properties to White



Let us align my picture and the message label
Go to the Source View and make changes to this code.
It is best to use the Source View to modify the appearance of the form elements (toolbox controls).




Run the application to see the changes.
Make sure it has a nice user-interface.
Let us write the code.
Switch back to the Design View and double-click the Welcome Message button (ID: MessageButton) to open the Code View.
Alternatively, you may expand the Default.aspx in the Solution Explorer window and double-click the Default.aspx.cs file.
Then, you get the click event of the Welcome Message button (ID: MessageButton)
Write the code that displays the welcome message when the user clicks the Welcome Message button.
Please note:
(1.) In C#, to add a new line in the Code window; we used the escape sequence new line character, "\n" or the Environment.NewLine command
However, in ASP.NET, to add a new line in the Code window; the line break element, <br/> is used.

(2.) One of the issues with ASP.NET button control is that when the user clicks a button twice, the program may run twice.
In this application, that is not good because it will display my welcome message twice.
When a user clicks it again (the third time), the message will be displayed three times.
We want to prevent that.
There are several ways to prevent this issue.
So, one of the ways is to disable the button after the user clicks it one time.
// Disable the button after the user clicks the Message Button one time
MessageButton.Enabled = false;

Go to the Design View.
Double-click the Clear Button (ID: ClearButton)
Write the code that clears the welcome message in the label when the user clicks the Clear button.

Code window.
Please review the screenshots and the comments.





Run the application.
Test it to make sure it works.
Stop Debugging.
Close the Code window.
The next step is to publish our application on the web.
That way, you can just visit the website and test it.

Publish and Deploy the Web Application Developed with Web Forms.

(1.) Right-click the project


(2.) Click Publish


(3.)

(4.)

(5.)

(6.)

(7.)

(8.)

(9.)

(10.)

(11.)

(12.)

Check out our new website and test it at Our First Web Forms Application at these browsers.

Microsoft Edge:

Google Chrome:

Mozilla Firefox:

Let's close the two applications: the web application project in Visual Studio and the web applications on the web (websites on those browsers), rest a little, and come back to tidy up some stuff.
We shall make some changes in the HTML and CSS.
The C# works, so we shall leave it as is.
Then, we save those changes and re-publish the web application.

Student: Mr. C, could we not have developed the same application with JavaScript rather than C#?
Teacher: Yes, of course.
In the JavaScript course that I am assigned to teach this semester, I used JavaScript for a similar application.
However, this course is ASP.NET with speficic reference to C#/Razor syntax.
So, we have to use C#/Razor syntax.
Student: Can we use JavaScript because it's much easier and better?
Teacher: In this course, the use of C# is required.
You may use JavaScript in place of C# as a substantive response to develop the same application posted by your colleagues as applicable.
However, in all substantive posts; the use of C# as the main programming lanaguage for that post is required.
Student: I have another question: I have tried writing a similar application.
The HTML and CSS is acting up in the appearance.
Can you help with it?
Teacher: Let us finish the changes with this application, and re-publish the changes.
Then, we shall write another application where we shall use our own HTML and CSS rather than using the templates in Visual Studio.
Hopefully, it will be easier.
Be it as it may, please attend the Office Hours/Live Sessions for help with HTML and CSS.
Student: One more question.
Must we use Visual Studio and Azure to publish our work?
Teacher: You are not required to use Visual Studio IDE and Azure to host your ASP.NET web applications.
However, we are using it in this course because it is free for our students.
Our students will not have to pay for the hosting of their websites.
They do not even have to submit a card information. Once again, I thank Microsoft immensely in this regard.
I am not sure if there are any web hosting companies that are so generous to allow anyone (incluing students) to host their ASP.NET web applications without a fee and/or without submitting any card information.
If you find any one, please let me know.
Let us make some changes to our application and republish.

Make Changes and Republish the Web Forms Application

Let us:
(1.) Fix the appearance of the website by making some changes to the CSS of the home page.

(2.) Delete the About.aspx page and the Contact.aspx page.

(3.) Create a new page to replace the About page.
We shall use the Introduction website I made for my JavaScript class.
We shall use the HTML, CSS, and JS of that website.
That way, you can learn how to use CSS of your choice without using the CSS (bootstrap.css and Site.css) that comes with Visual Studio.

(4.) Link the Contact page to an external website and set it to open in a new window.

(5.) Re-publish so we see all the changes on our website.

(1.) Make changes to the CSS of the home page.
Open the solution file of the Web Forms project, Introduction.sln in Visual Studio.
Go to the bootstrap.css file and delete the styles for these specific styles html and body
Why are we deleting them? Because they interfere with the styles we defined for the html and body in the Site.css
You do not want to create "contradictory" styles for the same HTML elements in different stylesheets. Remember we have two different stylesheets: bootstrap.css and Site.css
Styles for the same elements in any of those stylesheets should not "conflict" with one another.
No worries, let us get through with these default stylesheets.
Then, we shall use our own stylesheets in subsequent examples.


Go to Site.css and modify the styles for the HTML elements.
Ensure that you select all and format selection so it is properly arranged.





(2.) Delete the About.aspx page and the Contact.aspx page.
Hold the ctrl key on your keyboard and select About.aspx and Contact.aspx
Then, right-click and Delete.



(3.) In Visual Studio:
(a.) Let us create another aspx page named: WebScripting.aspx
Right-click the Introduction project in the Solution Project and Add → Web Form






(b.) Create the Cascading Style Sheet file (CSS file) by right-clicking the Content folder and Add → Style Sheet
Name the Style Sheet: index
It becomes index.css




(c.) Create the JavaScript file (JS file) by right-clicking the Content folder and Add → JavaScript File
Name the JavaScript file: index
It becomes index.js




(d.) This is one of the courses I am teaching this semester.
It is the Introduction website and should also help you with the HTML and CSS.
We shall copy the HTML, CSS, and JS and use them in the WebScripting.aspx page.
Please visit the Introduction to Web Scripting website
(https://salmon-pebble-01912e010.azurestaticapps.net/)
Right-click the website
Click View page source




On Line #22, click the Cascading Style Sheet: index.css
On Line #59, click the JavaScript: index.js

(e.) Select and Copy everything in index.css from the View page source


Go to the index.css in Visual Studio and remove whatever default you see
Paste what you copied from index.css from the View page source into index.css in Visual Studio


(f.) Select and Copy everything in index.js from the View page source


Paste what you copied from index.js from the View page source into index.js in Visual Studio


Save All (Ctrl + Shift + S)
Just to be sure, this is what we expect.




(g.) Go to the html of the View page source and copy everything you see in-between the head element.
Do not include the head element. Just copy whatever you see in-between it.


Go to the head element of WebScripting.aspx in Visual Studio
Remove whatever default you see in between that head element.
Paste what you copied.
Make some modifications regarding the end tags.
This is what I mean.
Do you see the green lines?
Do you see the 0 errors (red) 3 warnings (yellow)?
Well, we do not want warnings or errors anywhere in our code.
So, let us fix those warnings. Point your mouse at one of the green lines: Lines #13, #18 or #28.


XHTML (Extensible Hyper Text Markup Language) requires us to close end tags that way.
HTML does not require it, but XHTML requires it.


We have fixed it.
Now, onto the body element.
Go to the html of the View page source and copy everything you see in-between the body element.
Do not include the body element. Just copy whatever you see in-between it.


Go to the body element of WebScripting.aspx in Visual Studio
Remove whatever default you see in between that body element.
Paste what you copied.


There are 5 warnings. Let us address them.
We are going to do some modifications.
Select all and Format Selection to minimize the overflows.




Notice Lines #42-#45
Fix them by adding the end tags correctly for XHTML.


A warning is still remaining on Line #43
For HTML forms, if we want to make any form element; we have to write it required just as it is on Line #43
For XHTML that ASP.NET Web Forms use; we have to make some modification.
There are at least two approaches to do this.
However, the approach I recommend is to: delete that "required" on Line #43, go to the Design, click that form element: textbox for the first name, go to the Properties window and make it required under the required property.




This is what we have in the Source view.


Did you notice that the CSS has not been applied?
Can you figure out why?
How do we apply the CSS and JS?
Remember the location where we saved them?...in the Content folder
However, Lines #27 and #64 in the source did not indicate the proper location.
So, let us write the proper location for the CSS.


Click the Design view to see the changes.


Switch back to the Source view and let us write the proper location for the JS.


We are done with this step.
Close all the files for the CSS and JS.
Leave only the Default.aspx and the Site.Master open.
Go to the Site.Master application.
This is where we have the navigation links and make changes.


(4.) Replace the ~/About link (that we deleted earlier) with ~/WebScripting (that we created)
Replace the About text with JavaScript Course course.
Replace the ~/Contact link with the link to the external website where people (not my students) can contact me: https://chukwuemekasamuel.weebly.com/
Set the Contact link to open in a new window (<code>target="_blank"</code>).


Change the title to ASP.NET Web Programming


Save All
Click the Default.aspx (Switch back to it) and Run the application.
Test the C# (again 😊)


Click the JavaScript link course and test the JavaScript


Click the Contact link and test it to make sure it opens in a new window.

(5.) Republish so we see all the changes on our website.





Check out the website with the published changes.

Writing our First Web Application with ASP.NET Web Pages (.NET Core 3.1)

We have three options of developing our web application using Web Pages:
We can use:
(1.) .NET Core 3.1
(2.) .NET 5.0
(3.) .NET Framework 4.8
We shall use .NET Core 3.1 for the start.
You may use any option.

Open your Visual Studio IDE. You may click the icon on your desktop.
Change the font size and other settings (as we did in the Beginning C# course)
(https://www.chukwuemekasamuel.com/CSharp/csharp.html#module1)












Save All (Ctrl + Shift + S)

Publish and Deploy the Web Application Developed with Web Pages.

In the Solution Explorer (on the Right Hand Side), right-click the application: FirstWebApplication
Click the Publish link






















Our new website is: https://activeserverpages.azurewebsites.net/
or http://activeserverpages.azurewebsites.net/
The first one: the https version is the one that we shall be using in this course.

Student: What is the difference between the http and the https?
Teacher: There are several differences.
However, the main difference is that https require SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) certificate while the http does not require SSL certificate.
Remember the box that was checked: Configure for HTTPS: in the process of creating this web application
Https is better because of SSL certificates.
It establishes an encrypted connection between the web browser and the web server. Hence, we shall be using it.
Student: What are SSL certificates?
Teacher: Good question.
Please review: https://us.norton.com/internetsecurity-how-to-ssl-certificates-what-consumers-need-to-know.html
As we progress through the course, we shall review it...especially when we discuss topics that entails the use of web servers such as databases.
Let us modify the page (index.cshtml) and redeploy our web application.
Anytime you make changes to your application, it is important to redeploy the application (publish it again).



Let us add more styles to the body element of the css file: site.css


Save All (Ctrl + Shift + S)








Check out the updated website on the three major web browsers:
Microsoft Edge: (implemented the change in the CSS):


Mozilla Firefox: (implemented the change in the CSS):


Google Chrome: (did not implement the change in the CSS):


Why did Google Chrome act up?
No worries.
Please ensure you have cleared all the browsing history from the beginning of time.
(https://www.samdomforpeace.com/InternetBrowsers/internetBrowsers.html)
Then, try it again. It should work.

Let us write another web application with ASP.NET Core Razor Pages
For this web application, we shall: (1.) Begin with an ASP.NET Core Empty project template.
(2.) Use our own CSS
(3.) Use the Razor syntax with C#
(4.) Include links to several pages on the home page.

Teacher: Do you remember how we reuse codes in programming?
Student: Code Reusability?
Teacher: Yes ...
Student: Functions?
Teacher: Yes. Functions enables us to reuse codes in Functional Programming.
How do we reuse codes in Object-oriented programming?
Student: Functions
Teacher: Yes, but what is the actual term?
Student: Classes
Teacher Classes (which also includes functions) and Class Libraries enables us to reuse codes in Object-oriented Programming.
If we want to reuse HTML and CSS, what should we do?
Student: Use a template.
Teacher: That is correct.
To save us time with HTML and CSS, we are going to use Responsive Templates
Student: Similar to the bootstrap.css and Site.css that came with the defualt?
Teacher: Yes.
But, we shall use our own.
Responsive design makes the web pages to render well on several devices such as computers (desktops and laptops), tablets, and mobile devices; and on several screen sizes from minimum to maximum display size.
It saves us time.
Just as we reuse software (software reusability increases productivity), reusing templates saves time, thus increasing productivity.

Use our own CSS

We shall use the responsive design templates from W3 Schools
Please visit: Responsive Web Design Templates
(https://www.w3schools.com/Css/css_rwd_templates.asp)
As at today: 09/05/2021; WeSchools give us the permission to modify, save, share, and use them in all our projects.



They do not require us to link to them directly on our websites (as several other companies that offer free templates do).
However, we shall acknowledge them in the source code of our CSS.
Remember: it is very important to acknowledge someone or some company if you use any of their code even if they do not require that you acknowledge them.
You may use any of the templates on their website (that website) to develop your web application.
To use any of the HTML, please click the Try it Yourself link
You will see the source code for the HTML as well as the HTML web page (Split View)
To use the CSS, look at the head element in the HTML source code and look for files that end in .css
Copy the web link (URL) of any website in the head element of the code that has .css, and paste it in a new browser window.
You will see the CSS code.

If you think you may be overwhelmed by the CSS code you see there, do not worry.
Visit my portfolio
(https://www.chukwuemekasamuel.com/portfolios.html)
Click any web app in that portfolio.
Right-click the web page.
View page source.
Inspect the head element of the HTML code and look for any CSS file (.css file extension)
Click it and you will see a modified CSS code
Did you notice that I acknowledged the sources from which I modified the code even though I was not required to do so?
You may use my modified CSS.
If you think you are also overwhelmed by my modified CSS in any of my web applications, please attend the Office Hours/Live Sessions so we can go over it.
I can show you the only CSS elements that you need. That way, you will not be overwhelmed.

For this application, we shall use the CSS code from my website: Sequences and Series
(https://www.samuelchukwuemeka.com/Sequences/sequences.html)
So, right-click the website and View page source
Inspect the head element and you will see two CSS files (stylesheets) on Lines #39 and #40



Copy the CSS code of only Line #39: styles/sequences.css
The stylesheet on Line #40 is a web link so we shall include it as is. There is no need to click it. We shall reuse it as is

Writing our First Web Application with ASP.NET Core Razor Pages

We shall use the ASP.NET Core Empty
It is an empty project for creating an ASP.NET Core application.
You may see it as the empty project template of the Web Pages application that we did earlier.
We want to write our own HTML, CSS, C# and Razor without using the default that we did in the previous example.
ASP.NET Core is a redesign of ASP.NET 4.x







Close the default page: WebApps:Overview

(1.) Because we are using an empty template, we have to do some configurations.
It's not a lot of work...actually I feel it's much better than using default templates that comes with CSS.
No worries, we are still on focus with the software.
I am not deviating from the Course Description and the Student Learning Outcomes. It's just that we need to do these configurations in order to run our web application because we want to start from scratch.
As at today, 09/06/2021; please write these configurations as is
Double-click the Startup.cs in the Solution Explorer window

This is what we have now:




We shall modify it as: (this is what we should have: the configurations for Startup.cs)




Please write it in the order as you see it (write it as is).
You may just copy and paste it from here: Startup.cs (Modified for ASP.NET Core Empty)
(https://1drv.ms/t/s!AueBlxRFtOuIhfI7s_Ftxyak8yY1ww?e=AUx5ee)

(2.) Create the wwwroot folder
You will see this folder in our previous application.
But, it is not here in this empty template.
So, we need to create it.






(3.) Create a folder named: styles inside the wwwroot folder.





(4.) Create the stylesheet: index.css inside the styles folder.
The stylesheet is exactly the copy of the sequences.css
We just want to give it another name. You can verify by Viewing page source after we publish this application.








Remove the default you see in index.css and replace it with the copy of the sequences.css
Change the comments and styles as you wish.
Remove Line #489 so you do not have any warning for the index.css

(5.) Create a folder named: images inside the wwwroot folder.





(6.) Insert the picture inside the images folder.
For FERPA purposes, for this course; please do not use your picture.







(7.) Favicon: A favicon is an icon that is displayed along the title of a web page.
It is also known as a URL (Uniform Resource Locator) icon or a website icon.
I shall use my favicon
Insert the favicon inside the images folder.
For FERPA purposes, for this course; please do not use any favicon that has your picture such as this one from one of my website:


But you may use favicon that has your initials such as this one:

You may create/generate favicons with any of these websites: https://www.favicongenerator.com/ and/or https://www.favicon-generator.org/ among others.







(8.) Create the Pages folder
You will see this folder in our previous application.
But, it is not here in this empty template.
So, we need to create it.
Pages is the root folder.






(9.) Create the csharp html file (which is an empty Razor page): Index.cshtml inside the Pages folder.






(10.) Write these codes in the Index.cshtml file.









(11.) Run the file.


Stop Debugging (Shift + F5)

(12.) Publish the application.




















(13.) This is our new website
(https://aspwebpages.azurewebsites.net/)
Go ahead and visit our website and check it out.


Teacher: Did you notice something?
Student: Yes, the date and time.
It's 5 hours ahead on the time on the website based on my computer's system in Alabama...Central Time.
But the greeting matches the time.
Teacher: Okay, you have that assignment to do.
Find out why.
If you cannot figure it out, please let me know.
We have discussed several frameworks of the ASP.NET platform.
In Module 2, we shall focus on writing more applications with C# and Razor syntax.
I hope you have acquired some knowledge in this module.
Let's head on and discuss/assess.

Please note:
(1.) When you run your application and make any change, you do not need to stop debugging and run again in order to see the changes.
You just need to restart.


(2.) When you make any change in the CSS file and you do not see the change in your website, then your internet browser is probably caching that file.
To fix it, please clear the browsing history of your browser from the beginning of time.
(https://www.samdomforpeace.com/InternetBrowsers/internetBrowsers.html)

Some Substantive Posts

Please Note:
(a.) Use only your first name or only your last name or your nickname (if good) for all your web applications including the URL of your website (domain name) and the copyright in the footer among others.
(b.) HTML is required.
(c.) CSS is required.
(d.) C# is required.

(1.) Discuss the history of ASP.NET

(2.) Write a short story, a poem, or drama, or any appropriate topic in any academic field using at least five sentences and at least five different data types.

(3.) Using appropriate examples, explain any five new terms learned in this module.

Some Substantive Responses

(1.) Provide any of these details if they are lacking in any DB post:
Well-written comments; another approach/method to solving the question; any additional relevant details; etc.

(2.) Add to the post of the student who explained any three new terms learned in this module.

(3.) Develop the same application with VB

(4.) Develop the same application with JavaScript

Check Your Understanding

Please Note:
(a.) Use only your first name or only your last name or your nickname (if good) for all your web applications including the URL of your website (domain name) and the copyright in the footer among others.
(b.) HTML is required.
(c.) CSS is required.
(d.) C# is required.
(e.) Razor syntax is required.
(f.) At least one page besides the home page is required.

(1.) In your academic major (discipline), find two topics.
Speficy your major. Do some research on your major.
Write at least using at least five sentences and at least five different data types on each topic
One topic should be written on the home page.
The other topic should be written on the other page.
The link to the other page should be on the home page. It should not be set to open in a new window.
The two pages (home page and other page) should have the same layout.
Recap: A web application, two pages (same layout), two topics, five sentences of different data types on each topic.

(2.)

Vocabulary Words

ASP.NET Core, Web Pages, Razor, C#, VB, Variables, Data Types, Numbers, Operators, HTML forms, Validation helper, Date, Time, handler methods, OnGet, OnPost, tag helpers,

Objectives

Students will:

(1.) Develop web applications using the ASP.NET Core, or Web Pages framework; and Razor syntax with C#
(2.) Develop web applications using the ASP.NET Core, or Web Pages framework; HTML forms; and Razor syntax with C#
(3.) Develop web applications using the ASP.NET Core, or Web Pages framework; and Razor syntax with VB
(4.) Develop web applications using the ASP.NET Core, or Web Pages framework; HTML forms; and Razor syntax with VB

Recommended Readings and Videos

(1.) Textbook Chapter(s)

(2.) Tutorials by W3Schools: ASP.NET Razor - C# and VB Code Syntax
(https://www.w3schools.com/asp/razor_syntax.asp)

(3.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Get started with Razor Pages in ASP.NET Core
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/web-pages/overview/getting-started/introducing-razor-syntax-c)

(4.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Introduction to ASP.NET Web Programming Using the Razor Syntax (C#)
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/web-pages/overview/getting-started/introducing-razor-syntax-c)

(5.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Working with HTML Forms in ASP.NET Web Pages (Razor) Sites
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/web-pages/overview/ui-layouts-and-themes/4-working-with-forms)

(6.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Validating User Input in ASP.NET Web Pages (Razor) Sites
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/web-pages/overview/ui-layouts-and-themes/validating-user-input-in-aspnet-web-pages-sites)

(7.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Razor syntax reference for ASP.NET Core
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/mvc/views/razor?view=aspnetcore-5.0)

(8.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Create a Razor Pages web app with ASP.NET Core
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/razor-pages/?view=aspnetcore-5.0&tabs=visual-studio)

Videos:
Please click the RESOURCES tab of this website
Click the LinkedIn Learning (Kent State University) link
Follow the directions to access the website.
(9.) Type Razor in Web Pages or Razor in ASP.NET Core in the search bar and view the results.

Videos and Textbooks:
Please click the RESOURCES tab of this website
Click the O'Reilly Online Learning link
Follow the directions to access the website.
(10.) Type Razor in Web Pages or Razor in ASP.NET Core in the search bar and view/read the results.

Required Readings

Razor is the markup language that enables C# code and VB code to be embedded directly in web pages.
As you probably know, ASP.NET web pages can be developed using C# or VB
Similarly, the Razor syntax enables both C# code and VB code to be embedded into web pages.
We shall use the Razor syntax with both programming languages.
You may use either language as you wish.
However, let us begin with C#

To write any C# code using Razor syntax:
(1.) the @ symbol followed by the open brace must be close together and on the same line. For example: @{
(2.) the C# code written
(3.) the end brace is written to close the open brace. }

To display any output whose code was written in C#; for example, say you want to display the value of a variable in a web page, but you declared that variable in C#; then the @ symbol must be included with that variable in the HTML.
For example: say in C# using Razor syntax, you declared a variable:
@{
    int num = 7;
}

To display the value of the variable, num in a web page, we write it as:
@num in the HTML page.
Notice the @ symbol and then the variable, num
No spaces.

Comments:
HTML comments
<!-- Single-line and Multi-line Comments in HTML -->

C# comments
// Single-line comments
 /*
   Multi-line
   comments
  */

Razor supports HTML comments and C# comments inside it's syntax.
It treats them as comments (it does not run them as codes).
However, they are not Razor comments.
Single-line and Multi-line comments in Razor begin with an @ symbol followed by an asterisk, and end with an asterisk followed by an @ symbol, in that order.
Razor comments
@* Single-line and Multi-line comments in Razor *@

Please Note: HTML does not support C# comments.
If you want to support C# comments in HTML, it must be embedded within the Razor syntax.
HTML supports Razor comments.
All comments: HTML, C#, and Razor comments are not displayed on a web page because they are comments.

Recap:
(1.) Razor syntax supports HTML comments and C# comments.
(2.) HTML supports Razor comments but does not support C# comments.
(3.) C# neither supports Razor comments nor HTML comments.



***********************************************************
C# only
***********************************************************

Pre-requisites (for those who prefer to use C#):
Please review these modules in the Beginning C# Programming course:
(1.) Module 1: Introduction

(2.) Module 2: Variables and Data Types

(3.) Module 3: Numbers and Operators

(4.) Module 4: Strings, Booleans, Date and Time

(5.) Module 5: Statements

(6.) Module 6: Methods

(7.) Module 7: Arrays

We shall write some of the applications written there, here.

We shall continue with the template we used in the third example (the ASP.NET Core Empty that we used to write our third example).
To make things easier, we shall only put the screenshots of the Razor/C#, and the HTML output of the applications we write.
This is because you cannot see the Razor/C# codes because C# is a server-side (not client-side) language.
To see the entire HTML and CSS, please visit the website, right-click and View page source.

Variables and Data Types

Let us create the ID for the navigation tab link on our website:



Variables, Data Types, values Example: State of Ohio
Code:




Output:

Arithmetic Operators and C# Math Functions

Let us create the ID for the navigation tab link on our website:



First Part:
Solving Questions 6, 7 and 23 on the Numbers and Notations website
(https://numbersandnotations.appspot.com/numbers.html)

Second Part:
Solving Question 1 on the Numbers and Notations website
(https://fractions-decimals-percents.appspot.com/percentApplications.html)
Notice how we used the:
(a.) Assignment operators
(b.) Compound Assignment operators
(c.) Decimal data type and rounded the answer to two decimal places.
(d.) Double data type and rounded the answer to two decimal places.

Code:





Output:



Next: let us review Date and Time in Razor syntax Web Pages.

Date and Time

Let us create the ID for the navigation tab link on our website:



Just as we did in C#:
In this program, we want to greet our colleagues at Kent State University Ohio Campuses and at Kent State Worldwide.
We need to include the System.Globalization namespace so we can get the date and time of foreign countries.
@using System.Globalization;


Code:





Output:



Let us publish our website and inspect what we have done.

Teacher: Did you notice something?
Student: Yes Sir.
The website shows the correct date and time.
It's fixed now.
Teacher: Good.
So, use this code rather than the one we used for the time in the first application.

Statements

For Statements, let us write an example of Iteration Statements (Loops) with Razor syntax.
In the kindergarten/elementary schools in Nigeria, we had to recite Multiplication Tables: Tables from 2 * 12 to 12 * 12 These multiplication tables are written on the back of most exercise books.
Let us write Multiplication Tables for the Numbers: 3, 7, and 12
Let us use:
For Loop for Number 3
While Loop for Number 7
Do-While Loop for Number 12
These are multiplication tables. So, it will be nice to write them in a table.
HTML: to generate the table
Razor/C#: to generate the multiplication tables for the numbers: 3, 7, and 12.

Let us create the ID for the navigation tab link on our website:



Code:





Output:

Methods

In Razor syntax with C#, we use the:
(1.) @functions to denote a method
(2.) @code to add members

Let us do the example of the human body temperature that we did in the C# course.

Let us create the ID for the navigation tab link on our website:



Code:




Output:


Let us go ahead and publish the changes to our web application.
Then, test each application we did.
Here is the published website
(https://aspwebpages.azurewebsites.net/)

Please remember to publish any change to your web application.

..............................................................................
Visual Studio Express 2013 for Web only
..............................................................................

Student: Mr. C is trying to confuse me
Teacher: Honestly, I am not.
Student: Yes, you are.
You want me to download Visual Studio Express 2013
We are in 2021 lol
Teacher: I know lol
But, here's the thing
To use the Razor syntax in HTML forms, we have to use Visual Studio Express 2013 for Web
It is known as ASP.NET Website (Razor v3)
We have been using the syntax for writing codes that gives output without any user input.
It is important we learn how to work with user input.
Hence, the use with HTML forms.
Student: I understand.
But, are you saying we cannot use the Visual Studio 2019 Community Edition with HTML forms for Web Pages?
Teacher: Good question.
We can.
And we can use it with Razor syntax too.
However, that would involve classes, properties, objects...Object-oriented Programming.
We shall discuss those later.
But, I want you to still stay in the class. I do not want you to run away.
So, let us deal with the less challenging stuff first.
Student: You mentioned something earlier: ASP.NET Website?
Seems we have a lot of ASP's.NET stuff...
Teacher: Lol... yes we have
And you know Mr. C will like to teach you as much as possible ...well up to the extent that covers the course description and student learning outcomes.
Let's explore ASP.NET Website (Razor v3)

Download, Install, and Launch Visual Studio Express 2013 for Web










Let us develop our first website (web application) with Visual Studio Express 2013 for Web
It is going to be a Body Mass Index (BMI) application.





In the Solution Explorer, double-click the Default.cshml
Let us change the font size




Show line numbers because we really need line numbers




You may run the Default.cshml and change it to suit what you want
You may use the site layout (we shall discuss layout later in another module) if you wish
However, I prefer my own CSS
So, let us do the following:
(1.) Create a Style Sheet, copy the CSS we used before and make some changes to it, and name it to Default.css




To see the CSS that I used, click the View page source and click the Default.css after we publish our website.

(2.) Create a folder (Add New Folder): Pictures where I will add the Existing Item: my picture and my favicon
Notice there is already a folder: Images in the default website. So, my own folder name will be Pictures
Again, I ask that you do not include your picture and/or a favicon that has your picture because of FERPA
So, you can just skip this step.

(3.) Delete everything in the Default.cshtml and write our own C#/Razor code and HTML

Let us review HTML forms because we shall use it in our application to get user input.
Then, we use the C# and Razor syntax in the web server to process that user input.
After processing the output, the output is displayed in the web brwoser to the user.
We shall not go into details on how this process works because we do not want to deviate from the course description and student learning outcomes.

HTML Forms in ASP.NET Website (Razor v3): User Input

Checking for Required Fields to be Completed by the User
To require fields to be filled by the user, we can use either of the following:
(1.) HTML form input attribute using: required
(2.) ASP.NET Validation helper using: Validation.RequireField(field "name", "error message: field is required")

Use any or both.

Validating User Input
The Validation Helper in ASP.NET Web Pages is used to:
(1.) Determine the fields to be filled by the user.
(2.) Validate values entered by the user.

Reading User Input
(1.) User input is read by the Request[field "name"] function.
(2.) Posting user input is tested by the IsPost condition.

As we already know, the user input in a form text field is treated as strings.
Even if the user entered a number, that number is treated as a string because the text fields in HTML forms (including C# and VB forms) accept only strings by default.
Hence, it is necessary to convert the string to a number if we do intend to work with the number that the user entered.
This implies that converting data types is imporatant.
Data Type conversion in HTML forms for Razor syntax in ASP.NET web pages is quite different from the C# syntax for converting data types.
So, let us review the Razor syntax in this regard.

To convert a variable of any data type to the string data type, we use the ToString() method.
For example: to convert an integer variable to a string variable, we use this code as an example
variableInt2String = variableInt.ToString();

Application: BMI (Body Mass Index)

Please review the BMI information on these two government websites [from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health (NIH)]
About Adult BMI | Healthy Weight, Nutrition, and Physical Activity | CDC and
Calculate Your BMI - Standard BMI Calculator

As at today, the 3rd day of September, 2020; the BMI information on both websites are:

NIH website
Calculate Your BMI - Standard BMI Calculator


CDC website
About Adult BMI | Healthy Weight, Nutrition, and Physical Activity | CDC

Formula for Calculating Body Mass Index: United States System (Customary System)

$ BMI = \left(\dfrac{weight}{height * height}\right) * 703 \\[5ex] weight\:\:is\:\:in\:\:pounds (lb) \\[3ex] height\:\:is\:\:in\:\:inches (in) $

Formula for Calculating Body Mass Index: International System (Metric System)

$ BMI = \left(\dfrac{weight}{height * height}\right) \\[5ex] weight\:\:is\:\:in\:\:kilograms (kg) \\[3ex] height\:\:is\:\:in\:\:meters (m) \\[3ex] $ If you need help with conversion of units, please review the Tables and Examples in Measurements and Units

Teacher: What do you notice in both websites?
Student: They both have the information on the BMI.
In addition, the CDC website has information for both Adult BMI and Child & Teen BMI among others.
The NIH website has recommendations among others.
Teacher: That is correct. What else?
Student: They have the BMI calculator.
Teacher: Did you notice any difference in the calculator on both websites?
Student: The NIH website has BMI calculator for both Standard and Metric versions.
The CDC website has the BMI calculator for only the Metric version.
Teacher: Did you notice any issue/concern about the BMI information?
Student: Not really. Why?
Teacher: So, this is what we are going to do.
We are going to develop the BMI calculator.
That calculator will calculate the BMI.
Then, we shall interpret that BMI, and make a recommendation.
. The CDC website gave us the formula for calculating the BMI. So, we shall use it.
As you can see, our calculator would have to use conditional statements for the interpretation and recommendation.
But, here is the issue.
Student: Wait, I think I see the issue.
The issue is with the domains.
Teacher: Correct!
Anyone having a BMI between 18.5 and 24.9 both endpoints included has a Normal weight.
This is: Normal weight: [18.5, 24.9]. It is a closed interval (relate with Mathematics).
So, the Overweight range for the BMI should be the weight greater than 24.9, (rather than beginning from 25) and ending at 29.9
For the Overweight range, the first endpoint is not included, but the second endpoint is included.
This is: Overweight: (24.9, 29.9]. It is a half-open half-closed interval (relate with Mathematics)
Teacher: Do you know why this would be a problem if the programmer does not fix these issues before developing the calculator?
Student: Yes. Because there would not be any interpretation for anyone whose BMI is between 24.9 and 25
But, I do see that the BMI information is for values rounded to one decimal place.
Teacher: That is correct.
And we shall develop our calculator to round to one decimal place.
But, it is important we fix the issues.
What if we do not want to round?
Look at the two examples on the CDC website. The BMI values were rounded to two decimal places.
If we developed our calculator to round to two decimal places with the information on those websites "as is"; then we would not have the interpretation and recommendation for those two examples (24.98 and 24.96) because those values are greater than 24.9 but less than 25.
Student: That makes sense.
So, the last one: Obese should be BMI greater than 29.9, rather than greater than 30?
Teacher: That is correct.

(1.) The program should accept user inputs of:
(I.) First name
(II.) Last name
(III.) Weight
(IV. Height

(2.) The program should output the:
(A.) BMI value
(B.) Interpretation
(C.) Recommendation

(3.) The program should address user-input errors of non-positive numbers for the weight and the height.
Inform the user.
Then, exit the program. Do not allow the program to continue.

Let us develop a web application using HTML forms and Razor Syntax in Web Pages.
Let us develop a calculator to calculate the body mass index of a user.
Then, we shall interpret the result and provide recommendations to the user.
This application will be helpful in completing the Midterm Project (if you choose to use Web Pages).

Default.cshtml













Student: Mr. C, why did you not use the double data type directly?
Why did you use the float data type and then converted it to double...for the BMI?
Teacher: Good question.
As at today: 09/18/2021, there is no conversion in the Razor syntax from the string data type to the double data type
The BMI value is calculated from the weight and height values
We needed to read the weight and height values entered by the user
Remember they are treated as strings because the user input them in the textboxes
So, we had to convert them to float (there is no conversion to double) so we can use them as numbers
Because they were converted to floats, it became necessary to declare the userBMI variable as a float because that variable is calculated from floats: the weight and the height
Student: Got it
So, why did you convert it to double?
Why did you not work with float all the way?
Teacher: The conditional statement boundary values: 18.9, 24.9, 29.9 are not floats
They are double data types.
Hence, for us to interpret the BMI and give advice based on the BMI, we have to use those values
Because the interpretation of the BMI is based on the BMI value within each of those boundary values
This implies that we had to convert the float data type BMI value to the double data type
Student: What if I do not want to convert to the double data type?
I'm trying to make sense of this stuff.
Teacher: You can use the float data type.
But, this means that you will use the boundary values as floats rather than doubles
This implies that you use: 18.9F, 24.9F, 29.9F to denote that they are floats

Default.css
Please click the View page source and click the Default.css file to see the CSS

Output (Local Host)










Exception for Weight






Exception for Height





Publish Website
If you run into any error in trying to publish your website, close the application, and start again.
If you still experience any error, please attend the Office Hours/Live Sessions so we go over it.

























As you probably noticed, we used the website that we created with Web Pages
This new website has overwritten that website.
So, this is our published website
(https://activeserverpages.azurewebsites.net/)
Go ahead and test all the conditions and user-input errors with it.
We have developed this web application with ASP.NET Website (Razor v3)
Let us develop the same application with ASP.NET Web Pages (ASP.NET Core)

..............................................................................
End Visual Studio Express 2013 for Web only
..............................................................................

..................................................................................................................
Visual Studio Community Edition 2019 (Object-oriented Programming)
..................................................................................................................

We can develop the same web application with the Visual Studio we have been using: the Community Edition 2019
Using this IDE with HTML Forms and Razor Syntax, however, involves some knowledge of Advanced C# (Object-oriented Programming)
May I say that this approach (Object-oriented Programming) is my preferred approach of developing the BMI calculator?
Using the previous approach (Functional Programming) has several restrictions. Also, as you can see; it works with the older versions of Visual Studio.
It's better to work with the latest versions.
But, you have the choice to use whatever approach you prefer.

Pre-requisites (for those who prefer to use C#):
Please review these modules in the Advanced C# Programming course:
(1.) Module 1: Object-oriented Programming

(2.) Module 2: Properties

For this application, we shall:
In the Index.cshtml.cs file:
(1.) Use Auto-implemented Properties for the user input
This implies that we need to bind each property (BindProperty) in order to get the user-input values.
In that regard, we shall include the appropriate system namespaces.

(2.) Declare all the input variables as string data types.
Yes, I understand the weight and the height are double or decimal data types.
However, we shall declare them as strings and convert them to doubles.
This is because we do not want to see any value in the form when the form loads.
If we declared them as doubles (which they are), we would see zeros when the form loads (as seen in the previous application).
But because we shall declare them as strings, we will not see anything when the form loads.
You may choose to declare yours as doubles or decimals if you prefer.

(3.) OnGet handler method initializes the state needed for the web page of the form.
Leave the OnGet handler method as is
This is because we do not want to initialize anything.
We do not want anything to happen when the form loads.

(4.) OnPost handler method handles form submissions.
We shall write the code to be processed, in this handler method.

In the Index.cshtml file:
(5.) Include Tag Helpers
Tag Helpers assists in creating and rendering HTML elements in Razor files.
They provide:
(a.) an HTML-friendly development experience
(b.) a rich IntelliSense environment for creating HTML and Razor markup
(c.) a way to make you more productive and able to produce more robust, reliable, and maintainable code using information only available on the server
To use them, we include the code: @addTagHelper *, Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.TagHelpers

We shall begin from where we stopped in the ASP.NET Core Empty project template that we used for previous applications.
Create the ID for navigation tab link:


Double-click the Index.cshtml.cs file in the Solution Explorer
Index.cshtml.cs








Index.cshtml
Include ASP.NET Tag Helpers


Code:





When the Form Loads


Click the Calculate button without any user input


Complete all the fields but enter negative values for the weight, then the height, then the weight and the height.
Handling user-input error for the weight.


Handling user-input error for the height.


Handling user-input error for the weight and the height.


Output








Publish the changes to our web application.
Then, test each condition in the calculator in the published website.
Here is that published website
(https://aspwebpages.azurewebsites.net/)

Teacher: Did you notice how we handled user-input errors without throwing an exception?
We informed the user about the exact error.
That is much better.
Student: Yes, I think it is better that way.
I do have a question. You said this approach uses Object-oriented programming
But, I did not notice any class that you created.
The only thing I noticed is the Auto-implemented properties.
Object-oriented programming involves at least a class and an object...which is an instance of the class.
Teacher: Good observation.
If I wanted to create a class and use objects, I would.
I would create a folder named: Model
Then, I would add a class: say BMIClass to that folder
And declare the auto-implemented properties under that class.
In the Index.cshtml.cs, I will then use those class fields.
I want to save that approach when we discuss ASP.NET MVC
Student: Can you show me code examples of what you just said?
Teacher: Sure.

To use classes and objects:
First, we create a folder named: Models under the WebApps project in the Solution Explorer
Right-click the Models folder, then Add Class
Name the Visual C# class: BMICalculator.cs


Double-click the BMICalculator.cs file
In the BMICalculator.cs file, create the class and write this code.



Index.cshtml.cs





Index.cshtml




Student: I now see the reason you avoided using this approach.
Teacher: Yep...using the object to get each variable rather than just getting the variables directly.
Student: Can we delete the namespeaces that are not active...that are dull?
It seems they are not used, but just taking up lines of code
Teacher: Yes, you can.
Student: The class that you used in the code: class="names" and class="normal"
Are they from the CSS?
Teacher: Yes, they are.
When you View page source and click the CSS file, you will see each property/value pair for those CSS selectors: input.name and input.normal
..................................................................................................................
End Visual Studio Community Edition 2019 (Object-oriented Programming)
..................................................................................................................

***********************************************************
End C# only
***********************************************************

***********************************************************
VB only
***********************************************************

***********************************************************
End VB only
***********************************************************

Some Substantive Posts

Please Note:
(a.) Use only your first name or only your last name or your nickname (if good) for all your web applications including the URL of your website (domain name) and the copyright in the footer among others.
(b.) HTML is required.
(c.) CSS is required.
(d.) C# or VB is required.
(e.) Razor syntax is required.

(1.) Visit the Numbers website
(www.numbersandnotations.appspot.com/numbers.html)
Choose any applicable question and write a C# program to solve it.
Please make sure that the output of your program gives the same result as the solution of the question on my website.
You may use Arithmetic Operators, Math Functions, or both.

(2.) Please review the Date and Time: Example 1: Current Date and Time in Different Countries in the C# course and the Date and Time application in this module.
Our students come from the entire 50 states of the United States and its territories.
However, the United States has different time zones.
Find out/browse/learn/discover the different time zones in the United States and its territories as seen in the The Official U.S. Time (https://time.gov/) according to the National Institute of Standards and Technology
Include these time zones in your comments.
Display the current date and time for each time zone.
HTML: Create a table with three headings and three columns: Time Zone, Current Date, Current Time.
HTML: Write the different time zones in each row.
Razor/ASP.NET: Display the current date and current time for each time zone in their respective rows and columns.

For all HTML forms with Razor syntax web application, you may use Visual Studio Express 2013 for Web (Functional Programming) or Visual Studio 2019 Community Edition (Object-oriented Programming) or whatever IDE you wish to use.

Regardless of the IDE, please make sure that you use C# or VB and Functional Programming or Object-oriented Programming.

(3.) Develop a Body Mass Index (BMI) web application for the International System.
The formula is on the screenshot.
Test each condition just as we did for the United States System.
Address user-input errors.

Arithmetic: Questions (4.) and (5.)
Review the Definitions of Numbers on Numbers website: Numbers and Notations
(https://numbersandnotations.appspot.com/#definitions)
Please make sure you indicate the type of number.

(4.) Develop a web application that asks the user to input two values (those values could be positive, zero or negative)
The application should print all the numbers for any of those types of numbers between those two values.
Those two values should be included if they are part of those type of numbers.

(5.) Develop a web application that asks the user to put in a value (that value could be positive, zero, or negative)
The application should print thirty values of those types of numbers up to and including the user-input value.

Geometry: Questions (6.) and (7.)
Please review the Mensuration Formulas on Mensuration website: Mensuration
(https://www.samuelchukwuemeka.com/Mensuration/mensuration.html)
Please make sure you indicate the type of figure/shape.

(6.) Develop a web application that asks the user to input the required parameters for any two-dimensional figure.
The application should return the area and perimeter of that figure.

(7.) Develop a web application that asks the user to input the required parameters for any three-dimensional figure.
The application should return the surface area and volume of that figure.

English Language: Questions (8.) and (9.)
Develop a web application that asks the user to enter a phrase, clause, or sentence.

(8.) The application should print all the vowels, and return the count.

(9.) The application should print all the consonants, and return the count.

(10.) This question is meant to prepare you for the Midterm Project.
Develop a web application that meets these requirements:

(I.) Consider any concept/scenario that uses conditional statements.
It will be great if you find a real-world application. However, you can make up your own.
If you decide to make up your own, please explain the scenario and the conditions well.
If you use a real-world application, please cite your source(s) accordingly. Explain the scenario and the conditions well.
Use at least two (two or more) different conditions.
The BMI Calculator has four different conditions.
But, you may use any application that has at least two different conditions.
(II.) Accept user input(s).
(III.) Process the user input(s).
(IV.) Address user input errors.
(V.) Displays the results/outputs for each condition.
(VI.) Test your program for user-input errors.

Some Substantive Responses

(1.) Provide any of these details if they are lacking in any DB post:
Well-written comments; another approach/method to solving the question (if your colleague explained the approach that was used to solve the questions); any additional relevant details; etc.

(2.) If your colleague used C#, develop the same application with VB

(3.) If your colleague used VB, develop the same application with C#

(4.) Because Razor syntax is required, it is most likely your colleagues used Web Pages. If that is the case, develop the same application using Web Forms.

(5.) Develop the same application with JavaScript

Check Your Understanding

Please Note:
(a.) Use only your first name or only your last name or your nickname (if good) for all your web applications including the URL of your website (domain name) and the copyright in the footer among others.
(b.) HTML is required.
(c.) CSS is required.
(d.) C# or VB is required.
(e.) Razor syntax is required.

(1.) Please review the Date and Time: Example 1: Current Date and Time in Different Countries in the C# course and the Date and Time application in this module.
Extend my application by greeting your fellow colleagues in the langauge of their countries including the United States.
Write an application that:

(a.) Displays the current date and time for the countries. Because you are extending my application, you may use my code.
Find out/browse/learn/discover the greetings for Good Morning, Good Afternoon, and Good Evening for the countries.

(b.) Displays the greetings to each user (your fellow colleague) according to their countries (the current times in their countries).
If the time is between 12:00:01 AM to 12:00:00 PM (inclusive), greet Good Morning in each langauge.
If the time is between 12:00:01 PM to 04:00:00 PM (inclusive), greet Good Afternoon in each lanaguage.
If the time is between 04:00:01 PM to 12:00:00 PM (inclusive), greet Good Evening in each language.
You may use 12-hour or 24-hour time formats.
These are the minimum requirements. You are welcome to add more functionalities.

(2.) Please review the Date and Time applications in the C# course and the Date and Time application in this module.
Our students come from the entire 50 states of the United States and its territories.
However, the United States has different time zones.
Find out/browse/learn/discover the different time zones in the United States and its territories as seen in the The Official U.S. Time (https://time.gov/) according to the National Institute of Standards and Technology
Include those time zones in your comments.
Display the current date and time for each time zone.
Greet each user (your fellow colleague) according to their time zones (their own current times).
If the time is between 12:00:01 AM to 12:00:00 PM (inclusive), greet Good Morning.
If the time is between 12:00:01 PM to 04:00:00 PM (inclusive), greet Good Afternoon.
If the time is between 04:00:01 PM to 12:00:00 PM (inclusive), greet Good Evening.
You may use 12-hour or 24-hour time formats.
These are the minimum requirements. You are welcome to add more functionalities.

For all HTML forms with Razor syntax web application, you may use Visual Studio Express 2013 for Web (Functional Programming) or Visual Studio 2019 Community Edition (Object-oriented Programming) or whatever IDE you wish to use.

Regardless of the IDE, please make sure that you use C# or VB and Functional Programming or Object-oriented Programming.

(3.) Develop a web application as an extension of the Body Mass Index (BMI) application example.
We did the application for the United States System (Customary System).
Extend the application by including the calculator for the International System (Metric System).
The formula is on the screenshot.
Ask the user which system he/she wants to use to calculate the BMI.
Your web application should have the dropdown list for both systems, but should be null be default (using a ComboBox)
Alternatively, you may choose to use Radio Buttons.
Based on the user's selection, display the appropriate units for the weight and the height, as well as the output.
Test all the conditions for both systems.
Address user-input errors.

(4.) Algebra:
Please review the Roots of a Quadratic Equation on the Expressions and Equations website: Quadratic Equations
(www.expressions-equations.appspot.com/#quadraticEquations)
There is a calculator I developed that calculates the roots of a quadratic equation and displays a message.

Write a web application that requests the user to input the three values: (as seen on my calculator), and display the same message that is displayed by my calculator.
In other words, the output and message from your calculator should be the same as the output and message from my calculator when the user inputs those three values.
Test your program for each of the four cases of the discriminant regarding the nature of the roots of a quadratic equation as seen in Numbers (1a.), (1b.), (2.) and (3.) on my website.

(5.) Develop a web applications that solves Question (8.) on the Applications of Numbers website.
(https://numbersandnotations.appspot.com/numbersApplications.html)
The user should input any actual date that is a Tuesday.
Ensure that the output of your program corresponds to the solution on the website.
Please display: the actual date, the actual day, the new date and the new day in your output.
In other words, I am looking for user-input values of a date that corresponds to a Tuesday and the input day that is the Tuesday.
The output should be the date that corresponds to a Friday, and the output day should be the Friday.
Please check to ensure your program gives the correct output (result).

Vocabulary Words

Objectives

Students will:

(1.) Develop web applications using the Web Forms framework.
(2.) Complete the Midterm Project on Piecewise Functions.

Recommended Readings and Videos

(1.) Textbook Chapter(s)

Videos:
Please click the RESOURCES tab of this website
Click the LinkedIn Learning (Kent State University) link
Follow the directions to access the website.
(2.) Type ASP.NET Web Forms in the search bar and view the results.

Videos and Textbooks:
Please click the RESOURCES tab of this website
Click the O'Reilly Online Learning link
Follow the directions to access the website.
(3.) Type ASP.NET Web Forms in the search bar and view/read the results.

Required Readings

Web Forms

In the previous module, we developed the Body Mass Index (BMI) application with Web Pages.
In this module, let us develop the same Body Mass Index application with Web Forms.
We shall use the same website we used initially for the Web Forms.
However, we shall create a page for that application on the website, and use our own CSS to syle that page.
To see the CSS, please right-click that page and View page source

Right-click the Project: Introduction
Add → Web Form


Name the Web Form: BMICalculator


Include the link to the Web Form page in the Site.Master page


I want to use my own CSS for this web application.
So, let us create the Cascading Style Sheet: BodyMassIndex.css under the Content folder




Right-click the webpage: Body Mass Index Calculator and click View page source

I shall replace the favicon (similar steps as we did in the previous module) by right-clicking the Project: Introduction, then Add → Existing Item...

Keep in mind that ASP.NET Web Forms is different from HTML forms...in terms of the form elements and naming of the IDs among others.
As we discussed earlier in Module 1, it is much better to write the form elements from the Source View and then preview them in the Design View.
You can also make changes to the properties in the Properties window as you review them in the Design View.

Input Fields
TextBoxes for the First Name, Last Name, Weight, and Height:
IDs: FirstNameTextBox, LastNameTextBox, WeightTextBox, HeightTextBox respectively
runat: server
required: required
AutoCompleteType: Disabled: It is better to disable it so the user will not be confused when calculating multiple input values.

Buttons for the Calculate and Clear:
IDs: CalculateButton and ClearButton respectively.
Text: Calculate and Clear respectively.
runat: server
BackColor: Khaki

The CSS property is: class: names for the First Name and the Last Name, and class: normal for the Weight, Height, Calculate button and Clear button.
Please View page source to see the CSS properties and values.

Output Field
Let us add a TextBox that will display the results: BMI value, interpretation, and advice.
Because, we want the TextBox to display output, we shall make it readonly.
Because we want the TextBox to display the output in several lines, we shall set it to display in multiline mode.
Drag a TextBox from the Toolbox controls and place it in the appropriate area in the form.
Set these properties in the Properties window.
TextMode: MultiLine
(ID): BMITextBox

Code: BMICalculator.aspx: Source View









Let us write the C# code for the functionality of this calculator.
Click the View menu tab, then click Code to open the Code window

To use any style for any element (ToolBox Control) in the Code window; use the code:
ToolboxControl.Attributes.Add("style", "CSS property: value");

For example: say we want to display the error messages for the user-input errors for the weight and the height, using red color; we write the code in the Code window: BMICalculator.aspx.cs as: BMITextBox.Attributes.Add("style", "color: red");

Code: BMICalculator.aspx.cs







When the Form Loads


Handling user-input errors for the weight and the height


Handling user-input error for the weight


Handling user-input error for the height


Output








Clear Button


Publish the web application. Here is the published web application
(https://aspwebforms.azurewebsites.net/BMICalculator)

Midterm Project

The midterm project is designed to assess your knowledge of Statements in solving real-world problems.
It is a Piecewise Function application.
Any other application will not considered.

Please:
(1.) Visit my website on: Piecewise Functions

(2.) Read the Story to understand the idea of Piecewise functions.

(3.) Read the Overview of Piecewise Functions for more understanding of Piecewise functions.

(4.) Study the Applications of Piecewise Functions

(5.) Review the Project Examples. Ensure you follow all the instructions and directions.

(6.) Review the Midterm Project rubric for your course.

(7.) Complete the Midterm Project for your course.

(8.) Ask questions. I can help.
If you have any issue at any time and you have reviewed the resources I provided and you cannot fix the issue, please attend the Office Hours/Live Sessions so I can help you.

(9.) Include the URL of the web application (web address) in the documentation of all Math work.
Please make sure the web application is accessible.
The draft project should contain: documentation of Math work, the web application address, and the Project folder.
The Project folder is the folder that was created when you created a new project. It contains all folders and files.
Include all these in OneDrive, create a shareable link, and post the link in the Midterm Project Drafts forum of the course on Blackboard or send to me via email.
I shall review and provide feedback.

(10.) If everything works well, please include: documentation of Math work, the web application address, and the Project folder into a single folder, zip the folder (.zip only), and submit the zipped folder in the appropriate area of the Blackboard course.

NOTE: Any actual project submitted to me via email will not be graded.

If you wish to save some time for research:
Please review the Piecewise Function projects done by my previous students.
The direct link of the verifiable websites are included.
(I.) VB Projects
(II.) C# Projects
(III.) C++ Projects
(IV.) Java Projects

Vocabulary Words

data, database, relational database, nonrelational database, database software, database management system (DBMS), database system, relational databse management system (RDBMS), MySQL, Postgre SQL (Postgres), Microsoft SQL Server, Azure SQL Database, Microsoft Access, Oracle Database, SQLite, Apache Cassandra, Apache CouchDB, and MongoDB, data structure, data type, query, structured query language (SQL), table, row, column, index, key, primary key, unique key, foreign key, result set, CRUD (create, read, update, delete) operations, NoSQL, nonrelational database system, hierarchical database system, network database system, object-oriented database system, distributed database system, cloud database system, database as a service (DBaaS), self-driving database system, autonomous database system, graphical user interface (GUI), SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS), SQL Server 2019 Express, data manipulation language (DML), Transact-SQL, T-SQL,

Objectives

Students will:

(1.) Discuss database systems.
(2.) Create a database.
(3.) Insert data in the database.
(4.) Read the database.
(5.) Update database records.
(6.) Delete database records.
(7.) Perform CRUD (Create-Read-Update-Delete) operations on a database using SQL (Structured Query Language)
[Student Learning Outcome: Number (1.)]
(8.) Perform CRUD operations on a database.

Recommended Readings and Videos

(1.) Textbook Chapter(s)

(2.) Tutorials by Oracle: What Is a Database?
(https://www.oracle.com/in/database/what-is-database/)

(3.) Tutorials by W3Schools: SQL Tutorial
(https://www.w3schools.com/sql/)

(4.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Writing Transact-SQL Statements
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/tutorial-writing-transact-sql-statements?view=sql-server-ver15)

(5.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Queries
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/queries/queries?view=sql-server-ver15)

(6.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Introduction to Working with a Database in ASP.NET Web Pages (Razor) Sites
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/web-pages/overview/data/5-working-with-data)

(7.) Tutorials by Microsoft:
Deploy an ASP.NET app to Azure with Azure SQL Database
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/app-service/app-service-web-tutorial-dotnet-sqldatabase)
and
Build an ASP.NET Core and Azure SQL Database app in Azure App Service
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/app-service/tutorial-dotnetcore-sqldb-app?pivots=platform-linux)

Videos:
Please click the RESOURCES tab of this website
Click the LinkedIn Learning (Kent State University) link
Follow the directions to access the website.
(8.) Type ASP.NET and SQL or ASP.NET and Database Systems in the search bar and view the results.

Videos and Textbooks:
Please click the RESOURCES tab of this website
Click the O'Reilly Online Learning link
Follow the directions to access the website.
(9.) Type ASP.NET and SQL or ASP.NET and Database Systems in the search bar and view/read the results.

(10.) YouTube Videos
(a.) Programming Geek: Complete CRUD Operation in Asp.Net C# With SQL Server Step By Step
(b.) kudvenkat: How to deploy web application with sql database to azure

Required Readings

Teacher: Please review the three Student Learning Outcomes for this course.
Which one(s) have we been doing in Nodules 1 through 3?
Student: Number (2.)
Teacher: Guess the one(s) we shall do in this Module.
Student: Number (1.)
Teacher: Number (1.) and Number (2.)
Database is a broad topic.
Well, not just a topic but an academic course.
Well, not just a course but an option/elective in some Computer Science/Computer Information Systems majors
So, we cannot discuss everything about databases in one module.
We shall discuss an overview of it because it is important we understand what it is.
Then, we shall focus on how we can use it (several database systems) with several ASP.NET web platforms.
Keep in mind that you have most likely used data and database before you enrolled in this course.
Most likely, you have taken an Introductory Statistics course where you discussed data.
Then, you have probably worked with data in some way.

Database

A Database is an organized collection and storage of data.
The data could be information of any data type: string, floating point types (decimal, double), integer, Boolean, date and time and objects among others.

A Database Software is the Database Management System (DBMS) used to create and manage a database.
Typically, it has a graphical user interface (GUI) that enables the user to create, insert, edit, update, delete, access, and store data.
Examples of database management systems include: MySQL, Postgre SQL (Postgres), Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Access, Oracle Database, SQLite, Apache Cassandra, Apache CouchDB, and MongoDB among others.
In this module, we shall use ASP.NET with some of these database management systems.

A Database System is the combination of the: data, database management, and their associated applications.
Sometimes, these three words are used interchangeably: database, database management system, and database system.
There are several types of database systems.
They include:
(1.) Relational database system: also known as SQL database system: Data is represented as a set of tables with columns and rows.
As at today: 10/09/2021; this is the most popular database system.
It provides the most efficient way to access data.
Examples of relational database management systems (RDBMS) are: MySQL, Postgre SQL (Postgres), Azure SQL Database, Microsoft SQL Server, Microsoft Access, Oracle Database, and SQLite among others.
In this module, we shall focus on relational database management systems.

(2.) Nonrelational database system also known as NoSQL database system: Data is not represented as relational tables.
Rather, data is represented as: documents, key-value pairs, graphs, and wide-column stores.
Examples of nonrelational database management systems are: Apache Cassandra, Apache CouchDB, and MongoDB among others.

(3.) Hierarchical database system: Data is represented as one or more tree structures with nodes and edges.

(4.) Network database system: Data is represented as sets of records and sets of links.
The sets of links define the relationships between different records.

(5.) Object-oriented database system: Data is represented as objects.
It uses object-oriented programming languages to store and access object-oriented data.

(6.) Distributed database system: Data consists of two or more databases/files in different sites.
The databases/files may be distributed over different networks, or stored on several computers.

(7.) Cloud database system: Database developed and accessed via a cloud computing platform.
It can support both relational databases and nonrelational databases.
Typically, there are two types of cloud database models: the traditional database with cloud computing accessed via a web interface, and database as a service (DBaaS) performed by a service provider.

(8.) Self-driving database system also known as Autonomous database system: Cloud-based databases that use machine learning to automate database operations.

Why Do We Need a Database?
Besides the Student Learning Outcomes of this course from Kent State University, these are some of the reasons why we use databases.
(1.) Size: For writing and saving simple size of organized data, we can use a spreadsheet.
However, if the data increases by size and complexity; we need more than a spreadsheet.
We need a database management system.

(2.) CRUD (Create-Read-Update-Delete) operations: The ability for administrators and clients to create, read, update, search, and delete data require a database software that can grant specific roles to deal with the data.
For example: a user might intend to purchase three bags of candies, but later changes her mind. Hence, the software should allow the user to update her shopping cart before checking out.
The user should be to edit her shopping cart and change the quantity from 3 to 2, or have a link to one of the candies that should allow her to delete that link.
Similarly, an administrator should be able to enroll students and update student's records among others.

(3.) Security: what calls to mind right away? FERPA. HIPAA. Security-sensitive positions.
Access to restricted information (restriceted data) require more than a spreadsheet.
A database is needed.
Authentication and Authorization of users who want to access such data is needed.
Properties such as read-only property is needed for certain fields or values that should not be changed.

Back to Relational Database Management System (RDBMS)
We create a database.
We create a table in the database.
We create at least one column in the table.
The column is the field. It is the vertical entity.
We create at least one row in the table.
The row is the value/record in each column. It is the horizontal entity.
For every table, it is required that there must be a column where every row in that column is unique.
In other words, there must be one field in a table where every value in that field is unique.
In other words, there must be one column where every entry in the rows under that column must be different (must not be the same).
That field/column is known as the primary key
For example: the social security number (SSN) of every American is unique. No two people have the same SSNs.
The StudentIDs, EmployeeIDs, FacultyIDs are all unique.
This implies that SSN, StudentID, EmployeeID, FacultyID are primary keys for any table.
Two students may have the same first and last names but they cannot have the same StudentID.
Because every table must have a primary key, the primary key cannot be null.
Every student has a StudentID
Every Faculty has a FacultyID
Some people may choose not to complete certain sections of an employment form for example: the race
However, every applicant must complete the SSN field.
The primary key is the field that unique identifies each row in a database table.
We also have more terms such as foreign key, one-to-one relationship, one-to-many relationship and many-to-many relationships among others.
But, remmeber what we said in the beginning: this is not a Database course.
We want to focus on database CRUD operations in ASP.NET web platforms.

Let's get started with some programming.
We shall begin with the Microsoft SQL Server database system and develop some applications with it.
Then, we can explore more database systems.

Before we begin, let us download and install these pre-requsites:
If you run into any difficulty with adownloading and installing any of these applications, please attend the Office Hours/Live Sessions.

(I.) The first application to install is the SQL Server 2019 Express
(https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/sql-server/sql-server-downloads)











Close the application.
Install the SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)

(II.) The next application to install is the SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/ssms/download-sql-server-management-studio-ssms?view=sql-server-ver15)







Restart your computer.
In the Search bar (bottom left corner) of your computer, type SSMS, right-click the app, Open file location, right-click the app Shortcut, Send to → Desktop (create shortcut)
Double-click the app on the desktop to open it.

Connect to the SQL Server using the default Authentication: Windows Authentication


You may choose to use only the default Windows Authentication

But, what if we want to connect to the SQL Server using Server Authentication (rather than Windows Authentication)?
Let us create a login that is saved on an SQL Server database
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/relational-databases/security/authentication-access/create-a-login?view=sql-server-ver15)





Close the SMSS
Open it again.
In the Authentication field: select SQL Server Authentication
Login with the credentials (Login and Password) and click Connect
If you are still unable to login, try these steps.










Do not close the SMSS
Click the File menu and click Connect Object Explorer


In the Authentication field: select SQL Server Authentication
Login with the credentials (Login and Password) and click Connect




Close the SMSS.
Open it again.
In the Authentication field: select SQL Server Authentication
Login with the credentials (Login and Password) and click Connect
That should work now.


Create a database with SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS)

(1.) Create a new database: FacultyDatabase
In the Object Explorer window, right-click the Databases folder
Click New Database...






Permission to create a new database is denied for my login name.
This implies that I need to login using Windows Authentication, and grant the permission for my login name to use the SQL Server Authentication.
In this case, I shall grant all permissions because I want to use the SQL Server Authentication to do whatever I can do using the Windows Authentication.
Go ahead and cancel it.


Do these steps to grant permission.










Disconnect
Connect again.
Login using the SQL Server Authentication and let us try to create the database again.


Expand the Databases folder to confirm.


We have succeeded in creating the database.
Now, let us create a table in the FacultyDatabase folder.

Teacher: I hope you are okay with what I'm about to do.
Student: What is it, Mr. C?
Teacher: So, the table I want to create for the database is TheologyFaculty
I love Theology.
Probably, you would have known by now that I am not just a Math and Computer Science guy.
I am also a Theology guy even though I am yet to acquire a formal degree in it.
In that regard, I would like to use Biblical names.
In the Discuss and Assess tabs for this module, I encourage you to use a database that relates to your major.
However, you may use a database that relates to any academic topic of your interest.

(2.) Create a table.
There are at least two ways to create a table in the SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS).
We shall begin with the easiest way: allowing the SMSS to create it
Expand the FacultyDatabase folder.
Right-click the Tables folder and click New → Table


We shall use the first approach of creating tables: Let the SSMS create the table for us.
Type the columns (fields) for the table and their respective data types.
This is the List of the Data Types in Transact-SQL
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/data-types/data-types-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver15)
Transact-SQL (T-SQL) is Microsoft's SQL.

Each column represents the field for each Theology faculty.
We shall allow only the Age field to allow null (empty) values for each Theology faculty.
The rest of the fields are required (not null).


Save the table.


Right-click the FacultyDatabase folder or the Tables folder and Refresh to see the table we just created.




Right-click the FacultyID field and Set Primary Key
Remember that this implies that each value (row) under that column must be unique (must be different).




Let us add some rows (values) to each column (field).
Each row represents each Theology faculty.
Let us begin by adding three rows.
Right-click the dbo.TheologyFaculty and click Edit Top 200 Rows
dbo means DataBase Owner




Let us see what we just did: the SQL query for what we added and the result.
Right-click the dbo.TheologyFaculty and click Select Top 1000 Rows


The SQL statement and the result is:


We are done with this part.
Close the SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS).

Teacher: I think you have acquired the knowledge of creating a database, and creating a table in the database?
Student: Yes Sir.
Teacher: Great.
Let us not go further into SMSS.
Because I am not teaching a database course.
If we go further into it, it will take up a lot of time.
So, let us dive into the main topic for this module: CRUD operations using an ASP.NET web platform.

CRUD Operations with ASP.NET Web Form, C#, and Azure SQL Database

(1.) Create a Web Forms application: Databases






I want to use my own CSS.
Right-click the Databases project and Add → Web Form


Name the Web Form: DatabaseSQLapp


In the Solution Explorer, right-click the Databases project → Add → New Folder and name it: Styles
Right-click the Styles folder, Add → Style Sheet and name it: DatabaseSQLapp
After publishing this application, please click the View page source and click the CSS file to see the CSS style.

(2.) Here is the code for the DatabaseSQLapp.aspx









(3.) I want to use my default aspx.
I do not want the DatabaseSQLapp.aspx to be a web page in the Default.aspx
In other words, when I click the Default.aspx file, I want it to go straight to the web application.
This means that I have to make some changes to the Default.aspx file and the Site.Master page because I do not want the layout.
So, these are the modifications to the file and the page.

Default.aspx








Site.Master




Let us go ahead and publish it.
















Let us add a service dependency: Azure SQL Database




















Verify that the database was created.
Log into the Azure Portal account and verify.








If we visit the published website now, it displays an error. It is not accessible.
This is because we have not created a table in the database, neither have we created any column.

(4.) Log into the SQL Server Management Studio (SSMS) using the server name that we created in the service dependency.
But before you do so, get the server name from the Azure portal.


Use the server name to log in to SSMS


This is what we want to do.
From SMSS, we want to access the Azure database that we just created in the service dependency.
We want to create a table and some fields (columns) in that database.
Notice that we already created the FacultyDatabase when we published the website.
In the SSMS, expand the Databases folder and you will see the FacultyDatabase
Expand the FacultyDatabase and you will see Tables
Right-click the Tables and create New → Table


Create the columns for the table (table fields)
Let us use three data types for this table.
Right-click the FacultyID and Set Primary Key
I want only the Age field to allow null values.


Save the table as: TheologyFaculty

Confirm that the table we created in SSMS is actually in Azure portal


These are the Data Types in Microsoft SQL
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/sql/t-sql/data-types/data-types-transact-sql?view=sql-server-ver15)

Student: May you please pause for a moment?
Teacher: What's up?
Student: In the first table, you used varchar
In this table, you used nvarchar
What is the difference?
Which one is better to use?
Teacher: Good observation.
In simple terms:
For only English Language alphabets, use varchar
For the alphabets of other International Languages, use nvarchar
Also, the string length of varchar is 8000 bytes while the string length for nvarchar is 4000 bytes
Use the max: varchar(max) if you think the string length of the user's input may exceed 8000 bytes or nvarchar(max) if you think the string length of the user's input may exceed 4000 bytes.
Further, please click on each of those data types (links) and read about them.
These are the Data Types in Microsoft SQL (5.) Write the C# code for the functionality of the form (perform CRUD operations using the form).
Double-click the INSERT button to open the Code window.
Remember what I asked you to see and copy: the Connection string value


We need to use it in our code.
Let us begin with the INSERT operation.

Default.aspx.cs




Let us run it locally and test it.
In other words, let the user insert the first row in the table.






It works!
The values were inserted.
Just for the user to see the results, the results were displayed to the user: Client-side application

However, this is the main work of ASP.NET: Server-side application
Verify that those values were inserted in the TheologyFaculty table in Azure SQL Database
Log into the Azure Portal and click the FacultyDatabase
Refresh the database.


Expand the Tables
Click the three dots (ellipsis) and Edit Data (Preview)






The values are in the TheologyFaculty table.
Let us go ahead and publish the application (run the application globally)
Just right-click the Databases project and Publish...
This is our published website
(https://databases.azurewebsites.net/)

Let us test the published application (website) and ensure that it works.
Enter another value and click the INSERT button


Confirm that the value was entered in the Azure SQL Database
Ensure that you click the Refresh icon




................................................................
My Humble Request
My Azure subscription is not free. The free period is over. So, it is not free.
As mentioned earlier, I am not using Kent State Student subscription because I am not a student.
Besides, what happens when I am no longer with Kent State?
You are welcome to test values in the website. However, please make sure that you delete those values.
At any point in time, I want only those two values to be displayed in the website (and subsequently on the table in Azure).
................................................................

Let us write the C# code for the UPDATE operation.



DELETE operation.
Deleting data is an operation that should be "taught twice" before proceeding.
Hence, it would be helpful to ask the user to confirm that the data should be deleted before deleting the row that contains the data.
Confirming delete operations is necessary especially when the data is deleted permanently (cannot be recovered).
In that regard, we shall add a statement to the OnClientClick property of the DELETE button.

Properties Window


Default.aspx


Here is the code for the DELETE operation.



The code for the SEARCH operation is:


Notice the syntax for each of the operations.
For the DELETE and SEARCH operations, notice that we wrote the code because we wanted to perform those operations based on the Primary Key, FacultyID only.

The entire code for the Default.aspx.cs file is:








Publish the web application.
Let us test the rest of the operations.
NOTE: After every operation that is done locally (local host) and/or globally (Azure website), to see the changes in the Azure SQL Database portal, please ensure that you Refresh


Testing the UPDATE operation.
This operation require that we change some/all row values.
So, let us insert another row (the third row: Row 3)


Inserted Row in Azure SQL Database


UPDATE Row 3






Confirm the UPDATE in Azure SQL Database


Testing the DELETE operation.
Let us delete Row 3
Ensure that there is a value in the Primary Key (FacultyID) field.
The other fields may or may not be blank.
Press the DELETE button

CRUD Operations with ASP.NET Web Pages, C#, and Azure SQL Database

CRUD Operations with ASP.NET Web Forms, VB, and Azure SQL Database

CRUD Operations with ASP.NET Web Pages, VB, and Azure SQL Database

Required Substantive Posts

Please Note:
(a.) Use only your first name or only your last name or your nickname (if good) for all your web applications including the URL of your website (domain name) and the copyright in the footer among others.
(b.) HTML is required.
(c.) CSS is required.
(d.) C# or VB is required.
(e.) A relational database system is required.
(f.) At least three (three or more) data types is required for your database.
(g.) You are encouraged to use any database that relates to your major. In that case, please specify your major.
(h.) You may however, use any database that relates to any academic topic/concept/major if your interest. In that case, please specify the academic topic/concept/major.
(i.) You are encouraged to use a verifiable database (database that can be cited). However, you may make up fictitious reasonable database if you prefer.
(j.) Create a database table that has at least five rows and five columns.

(1.) Develop a web application that allows the user to implement these operations: INSERT, UPDATE, SEARCH, and DELETE.
This implies that a Button or a Radio Button or a ComboBox should be used for each operation.
The user can insert new rows: INSERT operation.
Using only the primary key:
The user can change the information of any row: UPDATE operation.
The user can search for any row: SEARCH operation.
The user can delete any row: DELETE operation.
The user should see the result of each operation on a grid view, a table, on the same web page, or on another web page.

(2.) Google Forms, a survey software; and Indeed, a job-listing software allows users to complete forms online on their respective websites.
They send the user's response back to the user via the user's email exactly as the user completed it.
Assume you are the programmer at a company.
Assume that the company specializes in your major/discipline/field.
The company:
(a.) wants you to design a vertical form (labels are placed on top of each input) or a horizontal form (labels are aligned next to the input field) only.
(b.) does not want you to design an inline form (the labels and the elements are left-aligned, and inline).
(The example we did for CRUD Operations with Web Forms is a horizontal form.)
(c.) wants the user to see the output exactly (same layout) as it was completed.
(d.) wants the output to be displayed in the same page or in a different page.
Using at least three different data types, design the form.

(3.)

Required Substantive Responses

(1.) If your colleague used C#, develop the same application with VB and vice versa.

(2.) Use a different relational database system to develop the same application of your collague.

(3.) If your colleague used a specific ToolBox Control for the operations (say Buttons), use an alternative ToolBox Control (say Radio Buttons or ComboBoxes) for the operations for the same application, and vice versa.

(4.) Use a different ASP.NET platform to develop the same application of your colleague.
For example, if your colleague used Web Forms; use Web Pages or Model-View-Controller.

(5.) Use any nonrelational database system to develop the same application of your colleague.

Check Your Understanding

Please Note:
(a.) Use only your first name or only your last name or your nickname (if good) for all your web applications including the URL of your website (domain name) and the copyright in the footer among others.
(b.) HTML is required.
(c.) CSS is required.
(d.) C# or VB is required.
(e.) A database system is required.
(f.) At least three (three or more) data types is required for your database.
(g.) You are encouraged to use any database that relates to your major. In that case, please specify your major.
(h.) You may however, use any database that relates to any academic topic/concept/major if your interest. In that case, please specify the academic topic/concept/major.
(i.) You are encouraged to use a verifiable database (database that can be cited). However, you may make up fictitious reasonable database if you prefer.
(j.) Create a database table that has at least five rows and five columns.

(1.) Google Forms, a survey software; and Indeed, a job-listing software allows users to complete forms online on their respective websites.
They send the user's response back to the user via the user's email exactly as the user completed it.
Assume you are the programmer at a company.
Assume that the company specializes in your major/discipline/field.
The company:
(a.) wants you to design a vertical form (labels are placed on top of each input) or a horizontal form (labels are aligned next to the input field) only.
(b.) does not want you to design an inline form (the labels and the elements are left-aligned, and inline).
(The example we did for CRUD Operations with Web Forms is a horizontal form.)
(c.) wants the user to see the output exactly (same layout) as it was completed.
(d.) require at least the user's name, date of birth (preferably in the format of mm/dd/yyyy), email address, and phone number (preferably in the format of xxx-xxx-xxxx)
(e.) wants you to inform the user (either as a placeholder, or as a label) regarding the formats for the date of birth and the phone number).
(f.) validate the fields for user-input date of birth, email address, and phone number. In other words, do not process the form until the user inputs valid entries. Alert the user and ask for valid user-input.
(g.) would like you to add more form elements if you wish.
(h.) wants the output to be displayed in the same page or in a different page.

Design the form.

(2.) Bots (also known as Internet Robots) are automated programs on web applications that perform certain tasks such as chatting with humans, gathering information, scanning website contents, indexing search engines, and sending malicious content including malware and spams among others.
This implies that there are good bots and bad bots.
Be it as it may, we do not want bots to fill forms made for humans.
One of the ways to prevent bots from filling forms is the use of CAPTCHA (Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart)
CAPTCHAs are tools used to differentiate between real users (humans) and automated users (bots).
Using at least three different data types, design a form.
Add a CAPTCHA to the form to ensure that a bot cannot the form.

(3.)

Vocabulary Words

Model-View-Controller (MVC), security, identity, register, username, password, login, authorization, authentication, open authorization (oauth) using Google, Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook;

Objectives

Students will:

(1.) Discuss ASP.NET MVC (Model-View-Controller)
(2.) Develop secure, data-aware ASP.NET MVC web applications.
(3.) Implement Authorization and Authentication in ASP.NET MVC web applications.
[Control user access to web pages: Student Learning Outcome Number (3.)]

Recommended Readings and Videos

(1.) Textbook Chapter(s)

(2.) Tutorials by Microsoft: ASP.NET MVC Overview
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/mvc/overview/older-versions-1/overview/)

(3.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Get started with ASP.NET Core MVC
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/tutorials/first-mvc-app/start-mvc?view=aspnetcore-5.0&tabs=visual-studio)
From: Get started to Examine Details and Delete

(4.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Security, Authentication, and Authorization with ASP.NET MVC
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/mvc/overview/security/)

(5.) Tutorials by Microsoft: Security and Identity
(https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/aspnet/core/security/?view=aspnetcore-5.0)
(All: Overview, Authentication, Authorization, Data protection, Secrets management)

Videos:
Please click the RESOURCES tab of this website
Click the LinkedIn Learning (Kent State University) link
Follow the directions to access the website.
(6.) Type each of these: ASP.NET MVC, ASP.NET Security, ASP.NET Authentication, ASP.NET Authorization in the search bar and view the results.

Videos and Textbooks:
Please click the RESOURCES tab of this website
Click the O'Reilly Online Learning link
Follow the directions to access the website.
(7.) Type each of these: ASP.NET MVC, ASP.NET Security, ASP.NET Authentication, ASP.NET Authorization in the search bar and view/read the results.

(8.) YouTube Videos
(a.) Tony Spencer: ASP.NET Core 5.0 - Authentication/Authorization - .Net Engineering Forum 2021-01-26
(b.) CodAffection: ASP.NET Core MVC Login and Registration using Identity
(c.)

Required Readings

Models, Views, and Controllers

Models

Views

Controllers

Authentication

Authorization

For this module, we have several web applications to develop.
Let us begin by creating a simple MVC application with individual user accounts.
This application will allow a user to: Register with an email and password.
Then, the user will login and logout.

Develop an ASP.NET Core Web App (Model-View-Controller): First App

Target: .NET 5.0 (Current) as at today: 10/21/2021
Authentication: Individual Account

Security and Identity

Some Substantive Posts

Please Note:
(a.) Use only your first name or only your last name or your nickname (if good) for all your web applications including the URL of your website (domain name) and the copyright in the footer among others.
(b.) HTML is required.
(c.) CSS is required.
(d.) C# or VB is required.
(e.) ASP.NET MVC is required.

(1.) In your academic discipline or any academic area of interest, develop a web application that:
(a.) has a Registration page. This page should have at least five fields.
(b.) has a Login page. This page should have at least two fields including the username and the password.
(c.) has a Logout page.
(d.) allows users to register to, log into (using the username and passoword), and log out of, your website.

(2.) In your academic discipline or any academic area of interest, develop a web application that:
(a.) has a Registration page. This page should have at least five fields.
(b.) has a Login page.
(c.) has a Logout page.
(d.) allows users to register to, log into (using at least one of these open authorization frameworks: Google, Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook), and log out of, your website.
Please inform the user specifically, the open authorization framework(s) to use for the login.

(3.)

Some Substantive Responses

(1.) If your colleague used C#, develop the same application with VB or JavaScript.

(2.) Use a different ASP.NET platform to develop the same application of your colleague.

(3.) If your colleague developed an application that allows users to login using a username and password, develop the application that allow users to log into the website using at least one of these open authorization frameworks: Google, Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook among others.
Please inform the user specifically, the open authorization framework(s) to use for the login.

(4.)

Check Your Understanding

Please Note:
(a.) Use only your first name or only your last name or your nickname (if good) for all your web applications including the URL of your website (domain name) and the copyright in the footer among others.
(b.) HTML is required.
(c.) CSS is required.
(d.) C# or VB is required.
(e.) ASP.NET MVC is required.
(f.) A database system is required.

(1.) In your academic discipline or any academic area of interest, develop a web application that:
(a.) has a Registration page. This page should have at least five fields.
(b.) has a Login page. This page should have at least two fields including the username and the password.
(c.) has a Logout page.
(d.) allows users to register to, log into (using the username and passoword), and log out of, your website.
(e.) gives users the additional option to log into your website using at least one of these open authentication frameworks: Google, Twitter, LinkedIn, Facebook among others.
Please inform the user specifically, the open authorization framework(s) to use for the login.

(2.) In your academic discipline or any academic area of interest, develop a web application that:
(a.) has a Registration page. This page should have at least five fields.
(b.) has a Login page. This page should have at least two fields including the username and the password.
(c.) has a Logout page.
(d.) allows users to register to, log into, and log out of, your website.
(e.) has a database system that stores the registration details of users.
The date and time stamp for the registration of each user should be included in the database.
(f.) grants administrators the authority and access to edit, modify, and delete any user field including deleting any user.
In this case, to test your application; please send the username and password of the administrator to me via email.

Vocabulary Words

Objectives

Students will:

(1.)

Recommended Readings and Videos

Required Readings

Procedures

Some Substantive Posts

Some Substantive Responses

Check Your Understanding

(1.)

Vocabulary Words

state management, client-based state management, server-based state management, View state, Control state, Application state, Session state, hidden fields, cookies, query strings, profile properties,

Objectives

Students will:

(1.) Discuss client-based state management options.
(2.) Discuss server-based state management options.
(3.) Write programs that demonstrate some client-based state management options.
(4.) Write programs that demonstrate some server-based state management options.

Recommended Readings and Videos

(1.) Textbook Chapter(s)

(2.) Tutorials by Microsoft: ASP.NET State Management Overview
From ASP.NET State Management Overview to ASP.NET State Management Recommendations

(3.) Tutorials by CodeMaze: State Management in ASP.NET Core MVC
(https://code-maze.com/state-management-in-asp-net-core-mvc/)

(4.) Tutorials by tutorialspoint: ASP.NET - Managing State
(https://www.tutorialspoint.com/asp.net/asp.net_managing_state.htm)

Videos:
Please click the RESOURCES tab of this website
Click the LinkedIn Learning (Kent State University) link
Follow the directions to access the website.
(5.) Type ASP.NET State Management in the search bar and view the results.

Videos and Textbooks:
Please click the RESOURCES tab of this website
Click the O'Reilly Online Learning link
Follow the directions to access the website.
(6.) Type ASP.NET State Management in the search bar and view/read the results.

Required Readings

Some Substantive Posts

My dear, please check the Assess tab.

Some Substantive Responses

Check Your Understanding

Please Note:
(a.) Use only your first name or only your last name or your nickname (if good) for all your web applications including the URL of your website (domain name) and the copyright in the footer among others.
(b.) HTML is required.
(c.) CSS is required.
(d.) C# or VB is required.
(e.) Any ASP.NET web framework is required.

(1.) Using at least ten different sentences, write a summary of what you learned in this module.
Include examples and screenshots/images.

Vocabulary Words

Objectives

Students will:

(1.)
(2.)

Recommended Readings and Videos

(1.) Textbook Chapter

(2.)

(3.)

Required Readings

Some Substantive Posts

(1.)

Some Substantive Responses

Check Your Understanding

(1.)

There are two options for your Final Exam
Please choose only one option.

Option 1 (Course Summary)

This exam is designed to assess your understanding of the ASP.NET course.

You have reviewed several topics and several concepts in each topic for seven modules.
Pick at least 1 concept in at least 1 topic in each of the 7 modules.
That gives at least 7 concepts in 7 different topics in 7 modules.
Find three more concepts in any topic in any module.
That gives 10 concepts.

For each concept, please:

(1.) Write at least three sentences about that concept.

(2.) Develop a web application for that concept.
Please write the: Module number, the Topic, and the Concept

Deliverable:
Include all the web applications for the 10 concepts in 10 different topics for the 7 modules in one website.
This implies that your website URL should have the web applications of those 10 concepts.
Please submit the URL of that web application in the Final Exam folder of the Blackboard course.

Option 2: Developing ASP.NET MVC Web Applications (70 - 486)

There are two options for your Final Project.
Please choose only one option.

Option 1: (Your Choice)

It is important you communicate with me for approval prior to doing this project.
The final project is designed to assess problem-solving skills using the knowledge you have acquired in the course.
In that regard, solving at least a real-world problem using the knowledge acquired from the course is expected.

(1.) Think about any of these companies: our Institution: Kent State University; your local campus; your work place; public and private schools (excluding home schools); organizations, firms, and businesses (excluding controversial firms and the like).
Any company you choose should have a verifiable website.
The direct link of the company's website is required.

(2.) Identify a problem on the website that you want to solve.
The problem must be solved by programming using the knowledge acquired from any of the course topics/concepts/description/learning objectives.
Think about your Midterm Project. You solved a problem: calculating bills, federal taxes, etc.

(3.) Develop the computer program to solve the problem.
Test the program to ensure that it works.
Write detailed comments as applicable.

(4.) Prepare a Documentation Manual/Reflection for the project.
Please cite your sources accordingly.
What is the company?
What is their website?
What problem did you identify?
Did you solve the entire problem or part of the problem?
What course topics/concepts/description/learning objectives did you apply in solving the problem?
How did you solve the problem?
Did you encounter any issues while trying to solve the problem?
Are there any limitations to the project?
Are there any recommendations to the company?

Deliverables:
(1.) Web application URL (website address)
(2.) The entire program (all folders and files)
(3.) Project Reflection/Documentation Manual

Please submit all these information as a zipped folder (.zip only) in the Final Project folder of the Blackboard course.

Option 2: Descriptive Statistics of Data

The final project is designed to assess your understanding and analysis of data using the knowledge you have acquired in the course.

Please:
(1.) Visit my website on: Descriptive Statistics
(2.) Review the information for a good understanding of Descriptive Statistics. It is highly likely that you have a prior knowledge of this topic. Is that right?
(3.) Click the Project link.
(4.) Review the Project Examples. Ensure you follow all the instructions and directions.
(5.) Complete the Final Project for your course.
(6.) Ask questions. I can advise.
(7.) Include the URL of the web application (web address) in the documentation of all Math work.
Please make sure the web application is accessible.
Then submit that draft project (documentation of Math work and the web application address) in the Final Project Drafts forum of the course on Blackboard.
I shall review and provide feedback.
You may also submit your draft to me via email. I shall review and provide feedback.

(8.) If everything works well, please submit it in the appropriate area of the Blackboard course.
If there is any issue, please fix it.
If you cannot fix it, please attend the Office Hours/Live Sessions so I can help you.

Deliverables:
(1.) Web application URL (website address)
(2.) The entire program (all folders and files)
(3.) Project Reflection/Documentation Manual

Please submit all these information as a zipped folder (.zip only) in the Final Project folder of the Blackboard course. NOTE: Any actual project submitted to me via email will not be graded.

Need a programmer for personal/professional/commercial projects?
Look no further. Any of my available students (not just the ones listed here) can help.
Just head on to the Division of Student Affairs, Kent State University or contact me here or via my school email address.

These are nice projects done by my students.
Some of them are Midterm Projects while some are Final Projects.
Because of FERPA (Federal Educational Rights and Privacy Act) laws, only the first names of my students are written.

ASP.NET

Web Applications

(1.) Assignment Tracker and Reminders for Course Management Systems by Angel
Blackboard, Moodle, Canvas, Sakai, Angel, Desire2Learn, Google Classroom, and others; please check it out and reach out to Angel 😊

(2.) $2021 - 2022$ Federal Income Tax: All Filing Options by Angel
As at today: 12/30/2021, the verifiable website for this application is: IRS.com (This is NOT IRS.gov)
(https://www.irs.com/articles/2021-federal-income-tax-rates-brackets-standard-deduction-amounts/)

(3.) Mississippi Power: Residential Electric Service: Single Phase: Summer Billing Months: June through September by Brooke
As at today: 12/30/2021, the verifiable website for this application is: Mississippi Power: Residential Electric Service
(https://www.mississippipower.com/content/dam/mississippi-power/pdfs/residential/pricing-and-rates/standard-application-rates/2021/june/R-59.pdf)

(4.) Tuition Rates - Tuscarawas Central Catholic Junior/Senior High School by Brooke
As at today: 12/30/2021, the verifiable website for this application is: Tuscarawas Central Catholic JSHS - New Philadelphia, OH
(https://www.tccsaints.com/tuition-rates)

(5.) Tomlinson Public Service District: Water Rates - New System by Tyler
As at today: 12/30/2021, the verifiable website for this application is: Tomlinson Public Service District: Rates for general domestic, commercial, and industrial water service.
(https://tomlinsonpsd.com/rates/rates-new-18/)

Learn ASP.NET | Free tutorials, courses, videos and more

ASP.NET Web Apps | HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and C#

ASP.NET | Open-source web framework for .NET

.NET Developer Community

American Standard Code for Information Exchange (ASCII) Characters

Sorting Techniques and Algorithms

LinkedIn Learning (Kent State University)

O'Reilly Online Learning
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.NET Framework Notes for Professionals: Stack Overflow Documentation (Free)

Stack Overflow: Question and Answer Forum for Computer Science

Lynda.com/LinkedIn Learning (Start for Free. Then, not free)

Codecademy (Start for Free. Then, not free)

Chukwuemeka, S.D (2016, April 30). Samuel Chukwuemeka Tutorials - Math, Science, and Technology. Retrieved from https://www.samuelchukwuemeka.com

ASP.NET Core 5 for Beginners [Book]. (n.d.). www.oreilly.com. Retrieved August 21, 2021, from https://learning.oreilly.com/library/view/asp-net-core-5/9781800567184/

Essential ASP.NET Web Forms Development: Full Stack Programming with C#, SQL, Ajax, and JavaScript [Book]. (n.d.). www.oreilly.com. Retrieved August 21, 2021, from https://learning.oreilly.com/library/view/essential-asp-net-web/9781484257845/

Pro ASP.NET MVC 5, Fifth Edition [Book]. (n.d.). www.oreilly.com. Retrieved August 21, 2021, from https://learning.oreilly.com/library/view/pro-asp-net-mvc/9781430265290/

Free .NET Framework Book. (n.d.). Books.goalkicker.com. Retrieved August 15, 2021, from https://goalkicker.com/DotNETFrameworkBook/